Secretions from glandular trichomes potentially protect plants against a variety of aggressors. In the tomato clade of the Solanum genus, glandular trichomes of wild species produce a rich source of chemical diversity at the leaf surface. Previously, 7‐epi‐zingiberene produced in several accessions of Solanum habrochaites was found to confer resistance to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and other insect pests. Here, we report the identification and characterisation of 9‐hydroxy‐zingiberene (9HZ) and 9‐hydroxy‐10,11‐epoxyzingiberene (9H10epoZ), two derivatives of 7‐epi‐zingiberene produced in glandular trichomes of S. habrochaites LA2167. Using a combination of transcriptomics and genetics, we identified a gene coding for a cytochrome P450 oxygenase, ShCYP71D184, that is highly expressed in trichomes and co‐segregates with the presence of the zingiberene derivatives. Transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that ShCYP71D184 carries out two successive oxidations to generate 9HZ and 9H10epoZ. Bioactivity assays showed that 9‐hydroxy‐10,11‐epoxyzingiberene in particular exhibits substantial toxicity against B. tabaci and various microorganisms including Phytophthora infestans and Botrytis cinerea. Our work shows that trichome secretions from wild tomato species can provide protection against a wide variety of organisms. In addition, the availability of the genes encoding the enzymes for the pathway of 7‐epi‐zingiberene derivatives makes it possible to introduce this trait in cultivated tomato by precision breeding.

中文翻译：

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茄子茄属植物中的一种细胞色素P450氧化酶依次将7-表氮-姜黄烯氧化为对粉虱和各种微生物有毒的衍生物

腺毛的分泌物可能保护植物免受各种侵害。在茄属的番茄进化枝中，野生物种的腺毛状体在叶表面产生了丰富的化学多样性来源。此前，7-外延在几个种质产生-zingiberene茄多毛番茄被发现到粉虱赋予抗性（烟粉虱）和其它害虫。这里，我们报告9-羟基姜烯（9HZ）和9-羟基-10,11- epoxyzingiberene（9H10epoZ），7-两种衍生物的鉴定和表征外延-zingiberene中的腺毛产生多毛番茄LA2167。结合转录组学和遗传学，我们确定了编码细胞色素P450氧化酶ShCYP71D184的基因，该基因在毛状体中高表达，并与姜油烯衍生物共分离。在本氏烟草中的瞬时表达测定表明，ShCYP71D184进行两次连续的氧化，生成9HZ和9H10epoZ。生物活性测定表明，尤其是9-hydroxy-10,11-epoxyzingiberene对烟粉虱和各种微生物（包括疫霉菌和灰葡萄孢）都具有明显的毒性。。我们的工作表明，野生番茄物种的毛状体分泌物可以针对多种生物提供保护。此外，编码7-表氮-姜油烯衍生物途径的酶的基因的可用性使得通过精密育种将这种性状引入栽培番茄中成为可能。