Abstract Systematic investigations of the impact of nitric acid, inorganic salts and organic compounds on the decrease in the analytical signals in the analysis of whole blood, serum and urine by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma are performed. Two strategies for the sample pretreatment – dilution by different organic mixtures and acidic mineralization – are investigated. The maximum effect of the nitric acid and salts on the results of the determination of the diagnostically important elements P, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd and Pb were found using synthetic model solutions. Analytes with ionization potentials (IP) above 9.0 eV are found to be affected most by these non-spectral interferences. The possibility of avoiding such interferences through simply specific tuning of the instrumental parameters is investigated. It is found that the greatest reduction of the interferences is seen for an increase in the RF power and a decrease in the velocity of the nebulized argon flow. Various strategies for selection of an internal standard (IS) for different tunings of the instrument are found. Two approaches for elimination of the non-spectral interferences are established: i) combination of a standard set of instrumental parameters and the use of the IS with IPs matched to the IPs of the analytes; ii) combination of “robust” instrumental parameters and the use of a single IS with any mass and IP. The first approach provides higher sensitivity but requires the use of different IS for different analytes. The second approach provides a much more flexible analytical performance for the routine determination of the various sets of analytes but at the expense of a modest decrease in the analytical sensitivity. The efficiency of the developed strategy is demonstrated by the analysis of standard reference materials of whole blood and urine and applied to the analysis of bio-liquids of patients suffering from different forms of a systematic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The concentrations of Cu and Zn were found to be diagnostically important features.

中文翻译：

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电感耦合等离子体质谱法消除生物液体分析中的非光谱基质干扰

摘要 系统研究了硝酸、无机盐和有机化合物对电感耦合等离子体质谱分析全血、血清和尿液分析信号降低的影响。研究了样品预处理的两种策略——用不同的有机混合物稀释和酸性矿化。使用合成模型溶液发现了硝酸和盐对诊断重要元素 P、Mn、Co、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd 和 Pb 测定结果的最大影响。发现电离电位 (IP) 高于 9.0 eV 的分析物受这些非光谱干扰的影响最大。研究了通过对仪器参数进行简单的特定调谐来避免此类干扰的可能性。已发现，RF 功率的增加和雾化氩气流速度的降低导致干扰的最大减少。找到了为仪器的不同调谐选择内标 (IS) 的各种策略。建立了两种消除非光谱干扰的方法： i) 标准仪器参数集的组合和使用与分析物 IP 匹配的 IP 的 IS；ii) 结合“稳健”的仪器参数和使用具有任何质量和 IP 的单个 IS。第一种方法提供更高的灵敏度，但需要对不同的分析物使用不同的 IS。第二种方法为各种分析物的常规测定提供了更灵活的分析性能，但代价是分析灵敏度适度降低。所开发策略的效率通过全血和尿液标准参考材料的分析得到证明，并应用于分析患有不同形式的系统性炎症反应综合征 (SIRS) 的患者的生物液体。发现 Cu 和 Zn 的浓度是重要的诊断特征。所开发策略的效率通过全血和尿液标准参考材料的分析得到证明，并应用于分析患有不同形式的系统性炎症反应综合征 (SIRS) 的患者的生物液体。发现 Cu 和 Zn 的浓度是重要的诊断特征。所开发策略的效率通过全血和尿液标准参考材料的分析得到证明，并应用于分析患有不同形式的系统性炎症反应综合征 (SIRS) 的患者的生物液体。发现 Cu 和 Zn 的浓度是重要的诊断特征。