Protein carbonylation is an irreversible oxidative modification that has been associated with a decrease in the quality and nutritional value of products of animal origin. Generally, the carbonylation is attributed to processes of slaughter, processing, and cold storage of products. However, in vitro studies have shown that fluoroquinolone and organophosphate pesticides residues at their maximum residue limits (MRL) can promote carbonylation of animal proteins. Though, this effect on in vivo conditions has not yet been evaluated. Thus, Eisenia fetida was chosen as a model to assay their oxidant effect. For this, adult earthworms were exposed to artificial soil contaminated with ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, fenthion, and diazinon at three concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MRL) for 28 days. Then, these were purged and sacrificed to obtain the muscle region between the anus and preclitellum. The muscle samples were cold macerated to obtain muscle proteins, which were used for protein quantification, determination of carbonyl levels, and carbonyl protein profiles employing Bradford, Dot-blot, and Western blot assays, respectively. The results showed that at each concentration assayed, all pollutants induced significant carbonylation respect to control (p<0.05). Additionally, mass spectrometry-based analysis (MALDI-TOF/TOF) identified actin as the protein most susceptible to carbonylation promoted by these substances. Therefore, these findings show for the first time the oxidant power of fluoroquinolones and organophosphates pesticides at MRLs concentrations on muscle proteins under in vivo conditions. Fact causes concern due to the homology of muscle proteins in eukaryotes, which allow to hypothesize that this effect could also be experienced by proteins from food-producing animals in the same way that observed in in vitro studies.

蛋白质羰基化是不可逆的氧化修饰，与动物来源产品的质量和营养价值下降有关。通常，羰基化归因于产品的屠宰，加工和冷藏过程。但是，体外研究表明，氟喹诺酮和有机磷酸酯农药残留的最大残留限量（MRL）可以促进动物蛋白的羰基化。但是，尚未评估对体内条件的影响。因此，Eisenia fetida选择其作为分析其氧化作用的模型。为此，将成年earth暴露于三种浓度（0.5、1.0和1.5 MRL）的环丙沙星，达氟沙星，倍硫磷和二嗪农污染的人造土壤中28天。然后，将它们清除并处死以获得肛门和前腓骨之间的肌肉区域。将肌肉样品浸软，以获得肌肉蛋白，分别使用Bradford，Dot-blot和Western blot分析将其用于蛋白定量，羰基水平测定和羰基蛋白谱分析。结果表明，在每种浓度下，所有污染物均相对于对照诱导明显的羰基化（p <0.05）。此外，基于质谱的分析（MALDI-TOF / TOF）将肌动蛋白鉴定为最易受这些物质促进的羰基化作用的蛋白质。因此，这些发现首次显示了在体内条件下，在肌肉蛋白质上MRLs浓度下，氟喹诺酮类和有机磷酸酯类农药的氧化能力。事实引起了人们的关注，因为真核生物中的肌肉蛋白具有同源性，这使我们可以假设，食用食品的动物的蛋白质也可以以与体外研究相同的方式经历这种作用。