Assessment of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral contributions to shoulder function during baseball pitching are limited by challenges in accurately measuring dynamic scapular orientation. A recently validated individualized linear model approach that estimates scapular orientation based on measurable humerothoracic orientation has yet to be adapted for pitching and may improve upon currently recommended methods such as the acromion marker cluster (AMC). This study evaluates the ability of a pitching-specific individualized linear model to estimate scapular orientation in static positions throughout a throwing motion by comparing against palpation and an AMC. Individualized linear models were created for 14 collegiate pitchers by determining scapulothoracic and humerothoracic orientations at static arm postures throughout their individual dynamic throwing motions. Linear model and AMC estimates were compared against palpation at intermediate test positions within the throwing motion that were excluded from model creation. Linear model estimates were similar to palpation at all test positions and on all scapulothoracic axes while AMC estimates differed on internal/external rotation and anterior/posterior tilt during cocking (p = 0.001, p = 0.018) and follow-through (p = 0.003, p = 0.006). Linear model root mean square error (RMSE) values were smaller than AMC values for all positions/axes. Linear model RMSE values (2.8–6.3°) were within a range of published values previously deemed acceptable, while AMC values (5.1–15.8°) went beyond this range. The linear model approach accurately estimates static scapular orientation throughout a pitching motion and improves upon current methods. Future applications to dynamic pitching may facilitate understanding of how scapulothoracic and glenohumeral joint function relate to injury risks, rehabilitation, and performance.

精确测量动态肩cap骨方向的挑战限制了在棒球投球期间肩or孔和盂肱骨对肩功能的贡献的评估。最近可验证的基于线性可测量肱胸廓方向来估计肩cap骨方向的个性化线性模型方法尚未适应于俯仰，并且可能会在当前推荐的方法（例如肩峰标记群集（AMC））上得到改进。这项研究通过与触诊和AMC进行比较，评估了特定于俯仰的个性化线性模型在整个投掷运动中静态位置的肩cap骨方向的估计能力。通过确定在其整个个人动态投掷动作中静态手臂姿势下的肩oth孔和肱or孔取向，为14个大学投手创建了个性化的线性模型。将线性模型和AMC估计值与投掷运动中的中间测试位置的触诊进行了比较，而这些测试不在模型创建之列。线性模型估计值在所有测试位置和所有肩or孔轴上均与触诊相似，而AMC估计值在翘起期间的内/外旋转和前/后倾斜方面有所不同（p  = 0.001，p  = 0.018）和后续跟踪（p  = 0.003，p  = 0.006）。对于所有位置/轴，线性模型的均方根误差（RMSE）值均小于AMC值。线性模型的RMSE值（2.8–6.3°）在以前认为可接受的发布值范围内，而AMC值（5.1–15.8°）超出了此范围。线性模型方法可精确估计俯仰运动中的肩骨静态定向，并改进了当前方法。动态俯仰的未来应用可能有助于理解肩孔和盂肱关节功能如何与伤害风险，康复和表现有关。