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Spatial variability of Quaternary denudation rates across a volcanic ocean island (Santo Antão, Cape Verde) from cosmogenic 3He
Geomorphology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107557
Camille Litty , Julien Charreau , Pierre-Henri Blard , Raphael Pik , Sébastien Nomade

Abstract Denudation of volcanic ocean islands creates remarkable landscapes and contributes to Earth's carbon cycle, since the chemical alteration of basalts is a CO2 sink. Because many volcanic islands have large climate gradients and relatively low variations in lithology and tectonic history, they represent excellent natural laboratories for studying climatic effects on landscape evolution. However, little is known about the control of denudation rates in ocean islands and the respective influences of climatic gradients and morphological parameters. Here, we present new measurements of long-term denudation rates from Santo Antao Island, Cape Verde (17°N). In this 779 km2 island, mean annual precipitation ranges from 40 mm.yr−1 in the southwest to 1100 mm.yr−1 in the north. To constrain the spatial distribution of denudation rates, we measured the cosmogenic 3He concentration in river-transported pyroxene grains from 23 river bedload samples. We obtained basin wide denudation rates ranging from 2.7 ± 0.1 to 57.5 ± 0.3 m/Ma. The denudation rates display a significant spatial variability, with the highest rates in catchments located in the northeast side of the island where modern precipitation are the highest and low denudation rates in the southern and western dry basins. Our study shows that precipitation is the main control on denudation and landscape development of the Santo Antao volcanic island. This study provides for the first time the spatial distribution of denudation rates across a volcanic island located in a tropical zone.

中文翻译:

来自宇宙成因 3He 的火山海岛(佛得角圣安唐)第四纪剥蚀率的空间变异性

摘要 火山海岛的剥蚀创造了非凡的景观并促进了地球的碳循环,因为玄武岩的化学蚀变是二氧化碳汇。由于许多火山岛气候梯度大,岩性和构造历史变化相对较小,因此它们是研究气候对景观演化影响的绝佳自然实验室。然而,人们对海洋岛屿剥蚀率的控制以及气候梯度和形态参数的各自影响知之甚少。在这里,我们展示了佛得角圣安陶岛 (17°N) 长期剥蚀率的新测量值。在这个 779 平方公里的岛屿上,年平均降水量从西南的 40 mm.yr−1 到北部的 1100 mm.yr−1 不等。为了限制剥蚀率的空间分布,我们测量了来自 23 个河床负载样品的河流运输辉石颗粒中的宇宙成因 3He 浓度。我们获得了从 2.7 ± 0.1 到 57.5 ± 0.3 m/Ma 的盆地宽剥蚀率。剥蚀率表现出显着的空间变异性,位于岛东北侧的流域最高,现代降水量最高,南部和西部干流域的剥蚀率低。我们的研究表明,降水是圣安陶火山岛剥蚀和景观发展的主要控制因素。这项研究首次提供了位于热带地区的火山岛的剥蚀率空间分布。我们获得了从 2.7 ± 0.1 到 57.5 ± 0.3 m/Ma 的盆地宽剥蚀率。剥蚀率表现出显着的空间变异性,位于岛东北侧的流域最高,现代降水量最高,南部和西部干流域的剥蚀率低。我们的研究表明,降水是圣安陶火山岛剥蚀和景观发展的主要控制因素。这项研究首次提供了位于热带地区的火山岛的剥蚀率空间分布。我们获得了从 2.7 ± 0.1 到 57.5 ± 0.3 m/Ma 的盆地宽剥蚀率。剥蚀率表现出显着的空间变异性,位于岛东北侧的流域最高,现代降水量最高,南部和西部干流域的剥蚀率低。我们的研究表明,降水是圣安陶火山岛剥蚀和景观发展的主要控制因素。这项研究首次提供了位于热带地区的火山岛的剥蚀率空间分布。岛东北侧的集水区速率最高,这里的现代降水量最高,南部和西部干流域的剥蚀率最低。我们的研究表明,降水是圣安陶火山岛剥蚀和景观发展的主要控制因素。这项研究首次提供了位于热带地区的火山岛的剥蚀率空间分布。岛东北侧的集水区速率最高,这里的现代降水量最高,南部和西部干流域的剥蚀率最低。我们的研究表明,降水是圣安陶火山岛剥蚀和景观发展的主要控制因素。这项研究首次提供了位于热带地区的火山岛的剥蚀率空间分布。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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