Abstract Seismic waves generated during earthquakes induce transient stress changes in the crust. These ephemeral perturbations can trigger critically stressed asperities at remote distances, often with significant time delays. The physical mechanism that governs this phenomenon is not completely resolved. Numerical simulations of dynamic perturbations passing along a heterogeneous pre-stressed fault, demonstrate that weak portions of the fault that host ongoing slow slip can transfer stress in response to the perturbations, loading asperities poised for failure. We find that the magnitude of perturbation, the state of the asperity, as well as deformation of the surrounding material, jointly control the delay time between perturbation and triggered event. The slow-slip modulated delayed triggering model that we propose can account for the wide range of observed delay times in nature, including the two end-member cases of no delay and no triggering. Triggered slow slip events in nature might provide warning signs of impending earthquakes, underscoring the importance of high-resolution monitoring of active fault zones.

中文翻译：

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地震波增强的几何控制慢滑移：延迟触发机制

摘要 地震期间产生的地震波会引起地壳的瞬时应力变化。这些短暂的扰动可以在遥远的距离触发严重的压力粗糙，通常会有显着的时间延迟。支配这种现象的物理机制尚未完全解决。沿异质预应力断层传递的动态扰动的数值模拟表明，承载持续缓慢滑动的断层的薄弱部分可以响应扰动传递应力，加载准备发生故障的凹凸不平。我们发现扰动的大小、凹凸不平的状态以及周围材料的变形共同控制着扰动和触发事件之间的延迟时间。我们提出的慢滑调制延迟触发模型可以解释自然界中观察到的延迟时间的广泛范围，包括无延迟和无触发的两种终端成员情况。自然界中触发的慢滑事件可能提供即将发生地震的警告信号，强调了对活动断层带进行高分辨率监测的重要性。