Seismic signal analysis is the main step in data processing through the petroleum exploration via costly seismic investigations. Precision of target delineation by seismic data for exploratory drilling strongly depends on resolution of the seismic image. However, resolution of the seismic image is restricted by the band-limited nature of the seismic signal and inherent deficiencies in signal enhancement and random noise attenuation methods. Generally, it is required to increase resolution of the seismic data both in time and frequency domains. General solution to achieve this goal is employing time – frequency transformation (TFT) methods. The most applicable and conventional TFT method is the short time Fourier transform (STFT). Nevertheless, the STFT method does not provide sufficient resolution for further seismological interpretation on data. Thus, reassignment and simultaneous synchrosqueezing transform methods were introduced that increase resolution in time by reassignment of coefficients to their true position. However, they are still not appropriate for obtaining required resolution in seismic signal. The local maximum synchrosqueezing transform (LMSST) was introduced as an efficient method for signal analysis. The LMSST method yet was not used for analysis of seismic data and the procedure of its parameters optimization for applying on seismic data is unclear. Therefore, in the presented study, we propose a strategy for defining optimum parameters of the LMSST method and the procedure of its application on seismic data, where high resolution seismic image is required for hydrocarbon exploration. The proposed strategy was applied on two synthetic data examples, considering the quality factor expression and contamination by random noise and a field data example from a natural gas reservoir. Result of applying the proposed strategy on synthetic and field data examples and comparison of results with the leading-edge methods, revealed that this strategy could be considered as an alternative to the common signal enhancement methods. Additionally, the proposed method consists of the advantage of easy implementation and full reconstruction of the original signal. It was also proved that the proposed strategy is a robust method against added random noise compared to other competitive methods when applied on nonstationary seismic signal.

地震信号分析是石油勘探中通过昂贵的地震调查进行数据处理的主要步骤。用于勘探钻探的地震数据所描绘目标的精度在很大程度上取决于地震图像的分辨率。然而，地震图像的分辨率受到地震信号的频带限制性质以及信号增强和随机噪声衰减方法中的固有缺陷的限制。通常，需要在时域和频域上都增加地震数据的分辨率。实现此目标的一般解决方案是采用时频转换（TFT）方法。最适用和常规的TFT方法是短时傅立叶变换（STFT）。但是，STFT方法不能为进一步的地震解释提供足够的分辨率。因此，引入了重新分配和同时同步压缩变换方法，该方法通过将系数重新分配到其真实位置来及时提高分辨率。但是，它们仍然不适用于在地震信号中获得所需的分辨率。引入局部最大同步压缩变换（LMSST）作为一种有效的信号分析方法。LMSST方法尚未用于地震数据的分析，其参数优化应用于地震数据的过程尚不清楚。因此，在本研究中，我们提出了一种策略，该方法用于定义LMSST方法的最佳参数及其在地震数据中的应用程序，在这种情况下，油气勘探需要高分辨率地震图像。拟议的策略已应用于两个综合数据示例，考虑随机噪声带来的品质因数表达和污染以及天然气储层的现场数据示例。将拟议的策略应用于合成和现场数据实例并与前沿方法进行结果比较的结果表明，该策略可被认为是常见信号增强方法的替代方法。另外，所提出的方法具有容易实现和完全重建原始信号的优点。还证明，与应用于非平稳地震信号的其他竞争方法相比，所提出的策略是一种针对添加随机噪声的鲁棒方法。将拟议的策略应用于合成和现场数据实例并与前沿方法进行结果比较的结果表明，该策略可被认为是常见信号增强方法的替代方法。另外，所提出的方法具有容易实现和完全重建原始信号的优点。还证明，与应用于非平稳地震信号的其他竞争方法相比，所提出的策略是一种针对添加随机噪声的鲁棒方法。将拟议的策略应用于合成和现场数据实例并与前沿方法进行结果比较的结果表明，该策略可被认为是常见信号增强方法的替代方法。另外，所提出的方法具有容易实现和完全重建原始信号的优点。还证明，与应用于非平稳地震信号的其他竞争方法相比，所提出的策略是一种针对添加随机噪声的鲁棒方法。