Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are essential for distinguishing between individuals in all jawed vertebrates. Although MHC class I (mhc1) genes in zebrafish comprise distinct haplotypes, not all members of the mhc1 gene family have been fully characterized. In this study, we report the identification of two novel U lineage genes isolated from the WIK strain of zebrafish. These new mhc1 genes, named una and uoa, are located in tandem on chromosome 19 with >70% homology to previously isolated U genes. Sequencing of their neighboring genes revealed that una and uoa form a unique haplotype different from the previously known U lineage haplotypes. Additionally, we determined the expression profiles of U, Z, and L genes in three different tissues. These findings collectively suggest that mhc1 U lineage genes and their haplotypes in zebrafish are more divergent than previously considered, and their expression patterns vary significantly among different tissues.

主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 基因对于区分所有有颌脊椎动物中的个体至关重要。尽管斑马鱼中的 MHC I 类 ( mhc1 ) 基因包含不同的单倍型，但并非mhc1基因家族的所有成员都已完全表征。在这项研究中，我们报告了从斑马鱼 WIK 菌株中分离出的两个新的 U 谱系基因的鉴定。这些新的mhc1基因，名为una和uoa，位于 19 号染色体上，与先前分离的 U 基因具有 >70% 的同源性。对它们相邻基因的测序揭示了una和uoa形成不同于先前已知的 U 谱系单倍型的独特单倍型。此外，我们确定了 U、Z 和 L 基因在三种不同组织中的表达谱。这些发现共同表明斑马鱼中的mhc1 U 谱系基因及其单倍型比以前认为的更加不同，并且它们的表达模式在不同组织之间存在显着差异。