Carotenoids (Cars) regulate the energy flow towards the reaction centres in a versatile way whereby the switch between energy harvesting and dissipation is strongly modulated by the operation of the xanthophyll cycles. However, the cascade of molecular mechanisms during the change from light harvesting to energy dissipation remains spectrally poorly understood. By characterizing the in vivo absorbance changes (ΔA) of leaves from four species in the 500–600 nm range through a Gaussian decomposition, while measuring passively simultaneous Chla fluorescence (F) changes, we present a direct observation of the quick antenna adjustments during a 3-min dark-to-high-light induction. Underlying spectral behaviours of the 500–600 nm ΔA feature can be characterized by a minimum set of three Gaussians distinguishing very quick dynamics during the first minute. Our results show the parallel trend of two Gaussian components and the prompt Chla F quenching. Further, we observe similar quick kinetics between the relative behaviour of these components and the in vivo formations of antheraxanthin (Ant) and zeaxanthin (Zea), in parallel with the dynamic quenching of singlet excited chlorophyll a (¹Chla*) states. After these simultaneous quick kinetical behaviours of ΔA and F during the first minute, the 500–600 nm feature continues to increase, indicating a further enhanced absorption driven by the centrally located Gaussian until 3 min after sudden light exposure. Observing these precise underlying kinetic trends of the spectral behaviour in the 500–600 nm region shows the large potential of in vivo leaf spectroscopy to bring new insights on the quick redistribution and relaxation of excitation energy, indicating a key role for both Ant and Zea.

类胡萝卜素（Cars）以一种通用的方式调节流向反应中心的能量，从而通过叶黄素循环的运行来强烈调节能量收集和耗散之间的转换。然而，从光收集到能量耗散的变化过程中，分子机制的级联在光谱上仍知之甚少。通过表征该体内通过高斯分解从四个物种在500-600 nm范围内的叶吸光度变化（ΔA），同时测量被动同时叶绿素一个荧光（F）的变化，我们呈现了在3分钟的暗到高光感应过程中天线快速调整的直接观察。500–600 nmΔA特征的基本光谱行为可以通过至少三个高斯分布的特征来区分，这些高斯分布在第一分钟内就可以区分出非常快的动态。我们的结果显示了两个高斯分量的平行趋势以及迅速的Chl a F猝灭。此外，我们观察到这些成分的相对行为与花药黄素（Ant）和玉米黄质（Zea）的体内形成之间相似的快速动力学，同时还伴随着单重激发叶绿素a（¹ Chl a*） 状态。在第一分钟内同时出现ΔA和F的快速动力学行为后，500–600 nm的特征继续增加，表明中心高斯驱动的吸收进一步增强，直到突然曝光后3分钟。观察到500-600 nm区域光谱行为的这些精确的潜在动力学趋势，表明体内叶光谱的巨大潜力为激发能的快速重新分布和松弛带来了新的见解，表明了Ant和Zea的关键作用。