Context

Human-dominated landscapes in the tropics need to be managed for biodiversity and the maintenance of ecosystem services (ES). Nevertheless, integrating both biodiversity conservation and ES management remains a challenge.

Objectives

This study aimed to quantify woody plant species diversity and associated ES in farmland and forests, and investigate the relationship between species and ES diversity.

Methods

The study was conducted in southwestern Ethiopia. We surveyed woody plants in 181 20 m by 20 m plots in farmland, forest with, and forest without coffee management. We also interviewed 180 randomly selected households about woody plant benefits. We then (a) quantified species and ES diversity; and (b) investigated the relationship between species and ES diversity.

Results

We recorded 128 woody plant species in total. Most ES were available in all land uses, although they differed in their mean availability. ES composition was significantly different among land uses. ES diversity was positively related with species diversity in all land uses.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that all examined land-use types were multifunctional in terms of key ES provided by woody plants and that maintaining high species diversity also benefits ES diversity. Given these findings, we suggest to: (1) strengthen landscape multifunctionality by drawing on the positive relationship between biodiversity and ES diversity; (2) devise conservation policies that encompass entire landscape mosaics and enhance co-benefits of conservation and ES provision across land uses; and (3) conduct further social–ecological studies that use mixed data to elicit socially relevant relationships between biodiversity and ES diversity.

中文翻译：

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木本植物物种多样性是埃塞俄比亚西南部社会生态系统中生态系统服务的预测指标

语境

需要对热带地区人为主导的景观进行生物多样性管理和生态系统服务（ES）的维护。然而，将生物多样性保护和环境与社会管理两者结合仍然是一个挑战。

目标

这项研究旨在量化农田和森林中木本植物物种多样性和相关的生态系统，并研究物种与生态系统多样性之间的关系。

方法

该研究在埃塞俄比亚西南部进行。我们在农田，有森林和无咖啡的森林中，对181个20 m x 20 m地块中的木本植物进行了调查。我们还采访了180个随机选择的有关木本植物福利的家庭。然后，我们（a）量化物种和ES多样性；（b）研究了物种与生态系统多样性之间的关系。

结果

我们总共记录了128种木本植物物种。大多数ES可用于所有土地用途，尽管平均可用性不同。ES组成在土地用途之间存在显着差异。在所有土地利用中，ES多样性与物种多样性呈正相关。

结论

我们的研究结果表明，就木本植物提供的关键生态系统而言，所有检查过的土地利用类型都是多功能的，保持高物种多样性也有利于生态系统多样性。根据这些发现，我们建议：（1）通过利用生物多样性与生态系统多样性之间的积极关系，加强景观的多功能性；（2）制定涵盖整个景观镶嵌图的养护政策，并增强整个土地利用过程中养护和提供生态系统服务的共同利益；（3）进行进一步的社会生态研究，使用混合数据得出生物多样性与生态系统多样性之间的社会相关关系。