The gut microbiota-host co-metabolites are good indicators for representing the crosstalk between host and gut microbiota in a bi-direct manner. There is increasing evidence that levels of aromatic amino acids (AAA) are associated with the alteration of intestinal microbial community though the effects of long-term microbial disturbance remain unclear. Here we monitored the gut microbiota composition and host-microbiota co-metabolites AAA profiles of mice after gentamicin and ceftriaxone treatments for nearly 4 months since their weaning to reveal the relationship between host and microbiome in long term microbial disturbances. The study was performed employing targeted LC-MS measurement of AAA related metabolites and 16sRNA sequence of mice cecal contents. The results showed obvious decreased gut microbial diversity and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the cecal contents after long-term antibiotics treatment. The accumulated AAA (tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan) and re-distribution of their down-steaming metabolites produced under the existence of intestinal flora were found in mice treated with antibiotics for 4 months. Our results suggested that the long-term antibiotic treatment significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota and destroyed the homeostasis in the intestinal metabolism. And the urinary AAA could be an indicator for exploring interactions between host and gut microbiota.

中文翻译：

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长期抗生素治疗对小鼠尿芳香族氨基酸谱的影响。

肠道微生物群-宿主共代谢物是以双向方式代表宿主和肠道微生物群之间的串扰的良好指标。越来越多的证据表明，尽管长期微生物干扰的影响尚不清楚，但芳香族氨基酸 (AAA) 的水平与肠道微生物群落的改变有关。在这里，我们监测了小鼠断奶后近 4 个月接受庆大霉素和头孢曲松治疗后的肠道微生物群组成和宿主-微生物群共代谢物 AAA 谱，以揭示长期微生物干扰中宿主和微生物群之间的关系。该研究采用靶向 LC-MS 测量 AAA 相关代谢物和小鼠盲肠内容物的 16sRNA 序列。结果表明，长期抗生素治疗后，肠道微生物多样性明显下降，盲肠内容物中厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值下降。在用抗生素治疗 4 个月的小鼠中发现了累积的 AAA（酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸和色氨酸）及其在肠道菌群存在下产生的下游代谢物的重新分布。我们的结果表明，长期抗生素治疗显着改变了肠道微生物群的组成并破坏了肠道代谢的稳态。尿液 AAA 可能是探索宿主和肠道微生物群之间相互作用的指标。在用抗生素治疗 4 个月的小鼠中发现了苯丙氨酸和色氨酸）以及在肠道菌群存在下产生的下蒸代谢物的重新分布。我们的结果表明，长期抗生素治疗显着改变了肠道微生物群的组成并破坏了肠道代谢的稳态。尿液 AAA 可能是探索宿主和肠道微生物群之间相互作用的指标。在用抗生素治疗 4 个月的小鼠中发现了苯丙氨酸和色氨酸）以及在肠道菌群存在下产生的下蒸代谢物的重新分布。我们的结果表明，长期抗生素治疗显着改变了肠道微生物群的组成并破坏了肠道代谢的稳态。尿液 AAA 可能是探索宿主和肠道微生物群之间相互作用的指标。