ABSTRACT

In this study, biodiesel was produced from Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) seed oil available in Bangladesh. The percentage of the oil extracted from the seed using a mechanical expeller was found at 24.87%. As the free fatty acid content of crude Jatrpha oil was higher, acid-catalyzed esterification and base-catalyzed transesterification were carried out to produce biodiesel. The optimum condition for esterification was found as follows: addition of 90% methanol and 2.25% H₂SO₄ (both are based on the wt.% of oil), 60 °C temperature and 90-minute reaction time and that for the transesterification was found as follows: addition of 50% methanol and 0.8% NaOH (both are based on the wt. of oil), 60 °C temperature and 90-minute reaction time. The yield of biodiesel was found 95.09% at optimum condition. The fatty acid content in the produced biodiesel includes oleic acid (45.09%), linoleic acid (25.21%), palmitic acid (13.85%), and methyl tricosanoate (10.3%) as a major component. Viscosity, density, pour point, flash point, acid value, and calorific value of the produced biodiesel were found 5.18 cSt, 0.87 gm/cc, −10.01 °C, 96.6 °C, 0.49 mg KOH/g of oil, and 35.84 MJ/Kg, respectively. Six blends of biodiesel and commercial diesel were prepared and their performances were measured. The produced biodiesel can potentially be used in blending with commercial diesel and contribute to the fuel economy of Bangladesh.

摘要

在这项研究中，生物柴油是从可从孟加拉国获得的麻风树（Jatropha curcas）种子油生产的。发现使用机械推进器从种子中提取的油的百分比为24.87％。随着粗麻风树油中游离脂肪酸含量的增加，进行了酸催化的酯化反应和碱催化的酯交换反应以生产生物柴油。发现酯化的最佳条件如下：加入90％的甲醇和2.25％的H ₂ SO _4。（均基于油的重量％），60℃的温度和90分钟的反应时间，以及用于酯交换的结果如下：添加50％甲醇和0.8％NaOH（均基于油的重量。油），60°C的温度和90分钟的反应时间。在最佳条件下，发现生物柴油的产率为95.09％。所生产的生物柴油中的脂肪酸含量包括油酸（45.09％），亚油酸（25.21％），棕榈酸（13.85％）和三癸酸甲酯（10.3％）作为主要成分。发现所生产的生物柴油的粘度，密度，倾点，闪点，酸值和热值为5.18 cSt，0.87 gm / cc，-10.01°C，96.6°C，0.49 mg KOH / g油和35.84 MJ / Kg。制备了六种生物柴油和商用柴油的混合物，并对其性能进行了测量。