Root disease pathogens, including Armillaria, are a leading cause of growth loss and tree mortality in forest ecosystems of North America. Armillaria spp. have a wide host range and can cause significant reductions in tree growth that may lead to mortality. DNA sequence comparisons and phylogenetic studies have allowed a better understanding of Armillaria spp. taxonomic diversity. Genetic sequencing has facilitated the mapping of species distributions and host associations, providing insights into Armillaria ecology. These studies can help to inform forest management and are essential in the development of disease risk maps, leading to more effective management strategies for Armillaria root disease. Armillaria surveys were conducted on publicly owned lands in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska, U.S.A. Surveyed stands consisted of riparian forests ≥0.4 hectares in area. Armillaria was found at 78 of 101 sites. A total of 57 Armillaria isolates—associated with 12 host tree species—were used for DNA sequencing of the translation elongation factor‐1 alpha (tef1) gene. Armillaria gallica was the only species identified within the study sites. Results suggest that A. gallica is a common root pathogen of hardwood trees in riparian forests of the northern Great Plains with a wider host range and geographic distribution than previously recognized.

中文翻译：

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美国北部大平原河岸森林中蜜环菌的植物志和寄主范围

包括蜜环菌在内的根病病原体是北美森林生态系统中生长损失和树木死亡的主要原因。蜜环菌属 寄主范围广，并可能导致树木生长明显减少，从而导致死亡。DNA序列比较和系统发育研究使人们对蜜环菌属有了更好的了解。分类多样性。基因测序促进了物种分布和寄主关联的作图，提供了对蜜环菌生态学的见识。这些研究可以为森林管理提供信息，并且在制定疾病风险图时必不可少，从而导致更有效的蜜环菌根病管理策略。蜜环菌属调查是在美国北达科他州，南达科他州和内布拉斯加州的公有土地上进行的。被调查的林地由面积≥0.4公顷的河岸森林组成。在101个站点中的78个站点中发现了蜜环菌。共有57种蜜环菌分离株（与12种寄主树种有关）被用于翻译延伸因子-1α（tef1）基因的DNA测序。蜜环菌是研究地点内唯一鉴定出的物种。结果表明，一。没食子是大平原北部河岸林中阔叶树的常见根系病原体，其寄主范围和地理分布比以前公认的要广。