This study focuses on the kinetic modeling of homogeneous catalyzed transesterification of neem seed oil and the determination of the rate‐limiting step (RLS). The oil was extracted from the seeds by cold solvent extraction and it was characterized to determine its physicochemical properties. The effect of factors such as time, amount of catalyst, temperature, methanol / oil molar ratio, and agitation speed on the biodiesel yield were investigated. The kinetic experiments for the transesterification reaction were carried out by batch process, assuming a pseudo second‐order reaction. Rate equations for the arrays of reversible reactions of triglyceride to glycerol and biodiesel were developed to determine the RLS. The oil yield extracted was 34%. The extracted oil contained 60.2% monounsaturated fatty acid and the dominant monosaturated fatty acid is oleic acid having 40.6% of total composition of monosaturated fatty acid in the oil. The biodiesel yield produced by transesterification of pretreated neem oil was 90% and biodiesel properties were within the limits of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) (D6751‐02) standards. The kinetic modeling of the reaction revealed that the rate constant values for forward reactions (transesterification) (k₁, k₃, and k₅) were higher than those of backward reactions (k₂, k₄ and k₆) at temperatures of 45, 55, and 65 °C. The rate constant (k₁) for the conversion of triglyceride to diglyceride was the least among the rate constants of forward reactions at all the studied temperatures showing the RLS. The rate constants for the RLS are 0.0174, 0.0208, and 0.0303 min⁻¹ at temperatures of 45, 55, and 65 °C respectively and the activation energy is 24.9 kJ mol⁻¹. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

中文翻译：

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印em籽油均相催化酯交换为生物柴油及其动力学模型

这项研究的重点是印度ne树籽油均相催化酯交换反应的动力学模型和限速步骤（RLS）的确定。通过冷溶剂萃取从种子中提取该油，并对其特性进行了测定，以确定其理化性质。研究了时间，催化剂用量，温度，甲醇/油摩尔比和搅拌速度等因素对生物柴油收率的影响。酯交换反应的动力学实验是分批进行的，假定是伪二级反应。建立了甘油三酸酯与甘油和生物柴油可逆反应阵列的速率方程式，以确定RLS。提取的油收率为34％。提取的油中含有60。2％的单不饱和脂肪酸和占优势的单饱和脂肪酸是油中的油，其占单饱和脂肪酸总组成的40.6％。预处理印em油的酯交换反应产生的生物柴油产率为90％，生物柴油的性能在美国材料试验学会（ASTM）（D6751-02）标准的范围内。反应动力学模型表明，正向反应（酯交换反应）的速率常数值为（k₁，k ₃和k ₅）高于在45、55和65℃下的逆反应（k ₂，k ₄和k ₆）。在显示RLS的所有研究温度下，甘油三酸酯转化为甘油二酸酯的速率常数（k ₁）是正向反应速率常数中最小的。RLS的速率常数分别在45、55和65°C的温度下分别为0.0174、0.0208和0.0303 min ^-1，活化能为24.9 kJ mol ^-1。©2020工业化学学会和John Wiley＆Sons Ltd