Abstract Cavernous weathering (tafoni) is described from coarse-grained granitic bedrock in Northern Victoria Land (Antarctica), northern Sardinia (Italy) and southwestern Australia. It also occurs elsewhere in the world and on other coarse-grained lithologies. The cause of this unusual in-situ flaking and granular disintegration is problematic. Azonal conditions appear to be: (1) the presence of salt, (2) aridity and (3) high evaporation and sublimation rates. Zonal (site-specific) considerations are: (1) snow may transport salts far inland in Antarctica and (2) epilithic and endolithic lichen growth may assist biological weathering in Sardinia and Antarctica. In stable landscapes of great antiquity, such as southwestern Australia, tafoni-like forms appear to have developed over millions of years; they suggest that salts in solution move slowly and continuously towards the surface where they evaporate. Combinations of these conditions result in tafoni in these different environments.

中文翻译：

---

TAFONI 风化是一个区域性过程：来自南极、撒丁岛和澳大利亚的例子

摘要 海绵状风化作用 (tafoni) 来自维多利亚北部地区（南极洲）、撒丁岛北部（意大利）和澳大利亚西南部的粗粒花岗岩基岩。它也出现在世界其他地方和其他粗粒岩性上。这种不寻常的原位剥落和颗粒崩解的原因是有问题的。非地带性条件似乎是：（1）盐的存在，（2）干旱和（3）高蒸发和升华率。带状（特定地点）考虑因素是：（1）雪可能会将盐分输送到南极洲内陆很远的地方；（2）附石和内石地衣的生长可能有助于撒丁岛和南极洲的生物风化。在古老的稳定景观中，例如澳大利亚西南部，类似 tafoni 的形式似乎已经发展了数百万年。他们认为溶液中的盐会缓慢而持续地向它们蒸发的表面移动。这些条件的组合在这些不同的环境中产生了 tafoni。