Abstract In this paper, a multidimensional data hiding scheme exploiting modification directions (EMD) that can embed high payload information without causing much distortion, is proposed. Traditional, EMD embeds a secret digit represented in the ( 2 n + 1 ) − ary system has a maximum 1.161 bpp payload. In the proposed work, a secret-digit represented in the n 3 − ary notational system is hidden, on a group of 3 pixels that are chosen based on a random sequence yields a payload of l o g 2 ( n ) . Hence, an increase in the dimension, n − of the neighborhood set results in the increased payload. We have conducted extensive experiments on the standard image set to verify the embedding efficiency and visual quality of the stego image. The PSNR of the proposed algorithm for embedding 2.3219 bpp in a cover image of 512 × 512 is 45.13 dB, which implies that the visual quality of the stego image has not degraded even for large payloads. We have also verified that the proposed technique is undetectable during steganalysis.

中文翻译：

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伪魔方：一种利用大有效载荷修改方向的多维数据隐藏方案

摘要 在本文中，提出了一种利用修改方向（EMD）的多维数据隐藏方案，该方案可以嵌入高有效载荷信息而不会造成太大失真。传统上，EMD 嵌入了一个以 (2 n + 1 ) − ary 系统表示的秘密数字，其有效载荷最大为 1.161 bpp。在提议的工作中，在基于随机序列选择的一组 3 个像素上隐藏了一个以 n 3 - 元符号系统表示的秘密数字，产生了 log 2 ( n ) 的有效载荷。因此，邻域集的维度 n - 的增加导致有效载荷的增加。我们对标准图像集进行了大量实验，以验证隐写图像的嵌入效率和视觉质量。在 512 × 512 的封面图像中嵌入 2.3219 bpp 所提出的算法的 PSNR 为 45.13 dB，这意味着即使对于大型有效载荷，stego 图像的视觉质量也没有降低。我们还验证了所提出的技术在隐写分析期间无法检测到。