Modern instruments for assessing the characteristics of plants vital state are mainly formed by measuring the parameters of gas exchange in the leaves or are based on standard humidity sensors. However, such techniques are useless in coniferous forests and have a high cost. And they cannot be applied throughout the year in many regions due to the lack of leaves in winter. The water transport processes are the most important for researches in solving problems of predicting the fire condition of forests. Aqueous solutions are weak electrolytes. Therefore, water transport can be investigated using electrical measuring instruments. The purpose of the work was substantiating of digital device operation principle for measuring the potential difference in tree trunks as a device for studying its state. For the first time, to achieve the purpose, the analysis of temperature fluctuations during the year has carried out, a theoretical concept for the influence of temperature and humidity fluctuations on the potential difference in the tree trunks and a schematic diagram of the device have proposed.

现代评估植物生命状态特征的仪器主要是通过测量叶片中的气体交换参数或基于标准湿度传感器而形成的。然而，这种技术在针叶林中是无用的，而且成本很高。由于冬季缺叶，许多地区无法全年施用。水运过程是解决森林火情预测问题的研究中最重要的。水溶液是弱电解质。因此，可以使用电测量仪器来研究水的输送。这项工作的目的是证实数字设备的工作原理，用于测量树干中的电位差，作为研究其状态的设备。第一次，达到目的，