In recent years, with the rapid increase of railway freight, various types of self-powered sensors have been widely used in intelligent electronic monitoring equipment and on-board electric equipment in order to improve the safety and transportation efficiency of railway freight during operation. In this paper, a type of energy regeneration shock absorber based on twin slider-crank mechanisms is developed to install on the auxiliary suspensions of railway cars parallel to the coil springs. The energy regeneration shock absorber is divided into four components, as follows: a suspension vibration energy input module, a transmission module, a generator module, and an energy storage module. The suspension vibration energy input module captures the vibration energy generated by the railway car suspension. The transmission module converts the linear motion of the shock absorber into the one-way rotation motion of the generator input shaft to generate electrical energy. The energy storage module stores the electricity in the super capacitor to supply energy to self-powered sensors in railway cars. According to the bench test of the MTS fatigue testing system, the peak efficiency of the shock absorber is 56.4%, and the average efficiency is 42.9%. Under harmonic excitation with a frequency of 3 Hz and an amplitude of 12.5 mm, the peak phase power is 24.6 W and the average power is 4.8 W, showing that the proposed new energy regeneration shock absorber is effective and practical to apply to self-powered sensors in railway cars.

近年来，随着铁路货运的快速增长，各种类型的自供电传感器已广泛应用于智能电子监控设备和车载电气设备中，以提高铁路货运在运营过程中的安全性和运输效率。在本文中，开发了一种基于双曲柄曲柄机构的能量再生减震器，以将其安装在与螺旋弹簧平行的铁路车辆的辅助悬架上。能量再生减震器分为四个部分，分别为：悬架振动能量输入模块，传动模块，发电机模块和能量存储模块。悬架振动能量输入模块捕获由铁路车辆悬架产生的振动能量。传动模块将减震器的线性运动转换为发电机输入轴的单向旋转运动，以产生电能。能量存储模块将电能存储在超级电容器中，以为铁路车辆中的自供电传感器提供能量。根据MTS的基准测试疲劳测试系统，减震器的峰值效率为56.4％，平均效率为42.9％。在频率为3 Hz，振幅为12.5 mm的谐波激励下，峰值相功率为24.6 W，平均功率为4.8 W，表明所提出的新型能量再生减振器适用于自供电系统铁路车辆中的传感器。