Adiabatic invariants drive rhythmic human motion in variable gravity,Physical Review E

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Adiabatic invariants drive rhythmic human motion in variable gravity
Physical Review E ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.062403
N Boulanger ₁ , F Buisseret _{2,

3} , V Dehouck _{1,

4} , F Dierick _{2,

5,

6} , O White ₄

Affiliation

Voluntary human movements are stereotyped. When modeled in the framework of classical mechanics they are expected to minimize cost functions that may include energy, a natural candidate from a physiological point of view also. In time-changing environments, however, energy is no longer conserved—regardless of frictional energy dissipation—and it is therefore not the preferred candidate for any cost function able to describe the subsequent changes in motor strategies. Adiabatic invariants are known to be relevant observables in such systems, although they still need to be investigated in human motor control. We fill this gap and show that the theory of adiabatic invariants provides an accurate description of how human participants modify a voluntary, rhythmic, one-dimensional motion of the forearm in response to variable gravity (from 1 to

3 g

). Our findings suggest that adiabatic invariants may reveal generic hidden constraints ruling human motion in time-changing gravity.

中文翻译：

绝热不变量驱动变重力下有节奏的人体运动

人类的自愿运动是固定不变的。当在经典力学框架中建模时，它们预计会最小化可能包括能量的成本函数，从生理角度来看，能量也是自然的候选者。然而，在不断变化的环境中，无论摩擦能量耗散如何，能量都不再守恒，因此它不是任何能够描述电机策略后续变化的成本函数的首选候选者。已知绝热不变量是此类系统中的相关可观测量，尽管它们仍然需要在人类运动控制中进行研究。我们填补了这一空白，并证明绝热不变量理论准确地描述了人类参与者如何响应可变重力（从 1 到