Background: Weight gain during treatment of hyperthyroidism is a frequent and for many patients unwanted outcome. With this repeated measurement study, we explored the timing of weight changes during the first year of antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment and assessed the correlation between body weight changes and changes in thyroid hormones, resting energy expenditure (REE), physical activity level, and energy efficiency. Methods: Patients with new onset hyperthyroidism were investigated every second month during the first year of ATD treatment. At each investigation, the following were measured: body weight, thyroid hormone concentrations, physical activity level, and daily number of steps, REE, and exercise performance. Results: Two men and eleven women, all sedentary, mean age 49(SD: 9.3) years were included. Significant changes after 1 year occurred for body weight (68.9–74.1 kg), thyroid hormones (free T3 [fT3] 17.5 to 4.42 pmol/L), REE (1,630–1,484 kcal/24 h), and energy efficiency at lower (50 W) workloads (16.0–17.6%). In individual patients, only REE and fT3 correlated to changes in body weight. Physical activity level did not change during treatment. Conclusion: In this study, treatment of hyperthyroidism was associated with marked increase in body weight in the patients. This increase correlated to a decrease in REE and only to a negligible extent to changes in energy efficiency and not at all to changes in physical activity level of daily living.
Eur Thyroid J

中文翻译：

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甲状腺功能亢进症的体重变化：一年重复测量研究中的时间和可能的解释

背景：甲状腺功能亢进症治疗期间体重增加是一种常见的且对许多患者来说是不希望的结果。通过这项重复测量研究，我们探索了抗甲状腺药物 (ATD) 治疗第一年体重变化的时间，并评估了体重变化与甲状腺激素、静息能量消耗 (REE)、身体活动水平和能源效率。方法：在 ATD 治疗的第一年，每两个月对新发甲亢患者进行一次调查。在每次调查中，都会测量以下内容：体重、甲状腺激素浓度、身体活动水平、每日步数、REE 和运动表现。结果：包括两名男性和 11 名女性，均久坐不动，平均年龄 49（标准差：9.3）岁。1 年后体重（68.9-74.1 kg）、甲状腺激素（游离 T3 [fT3] 17.5 至 4.42 pmol/L）、REE（1,630-1,484 kcal/24 h）和能量效率发生显着变化（50 W) 工作负载 (16.0–17.6%)。在个别患者中，只有 REE 和 fT3 与体重变化相关。治疗期间身体活动水平没有变化。结论：在这项研究中，甲状腺功能亢进症的治疗与患者体重的显着增加有关。这种增加与 REE 的减少相关，并且与能源效率的变化仅在微不足道的程度上相关，而与日常生活中身体活动水平的变化完全无关。
欧洲甲状腺杂志