Artificial intelligence tasks across numerous applications require accelerators for fast and low-power execution. Optical computing systems may be able to meet these domain-specific needs but, despite half a century of research, general-purpose optical computing systems have yet to mature into a practical technology. Artificial intelligence inference, however, especially for visual computing applications, may offer opportunities for inference based on optical and photonic systems. In this Perspective, we review recent work on optical computing for artificial intelligence applications and discuss its promise and challenges.

中文翻译：

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基于深度光学和光子学的人工智能推理

跨众多应用程序的人工智能任务需要加速器来实现快速和低功耗的执行。光计算系统或许能够满足这些特定领域的需求，但尽管经过半个世纪的研究，通用光计算系统尚未成熟为实用技术。然而，人工智能推理，特别是对于视觉计算应用，可能为基于光学和光子系统的推理提供机会。在这个视角中，我们回顾了人工智能应用光学计算的最新工作，并讨论了它的前景和挑战。