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Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Canada: 20 Years of CLDN Data
Atmosphere-Ocean ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 , DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2020.1845117
Bohdan Kochtubajda 1 , William R. Burrows 1, 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT This study presents the spatial and temporal features of more than 45 million cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes recorded by the Canadian Lightning Detection Network for the years 1999–2018. Although sensor upgrades have improved the detection efficiency and location accuracy of CG lightning, the large-scale spatial patterns remain about the same as found in a previous study covering the years 1999–2008. Analyses, using equal-area squares with 10 km sides, describe the regional and seasonal characteristics of negative and positive flashes, the percentage and flash density of positive lightning, and the first-stroke peak currents of both polarities. Lightning activity over the provinces and territories is greatest in the summer, varying from 95.9% to 76.8% of the annual activity in the Northwest Territories and Ontario, respectively. Winter lightning is rare, usually occurring in extreme southern Ontario and the Atlantic Provinces, as well as over offshore regions west of Vancouver Island and the coastal waters off Nova Scotia. Preliminary analysis suggests that, compared with the 1999–2008 period, the majority of western and northern Canada has experienced more lightning days during the 2009–2018 period, whereas much of eastern Canada has experienced fewer lightning days. A statistical analysis performed on 154 stations across Canada found that the decadal increases (decreases) at 5 (31) stations were significant at the 90% confidence level or higher, and 4 (16) of these were significant at the 95% confidence level.

中文翻译:

加拿大的云对地闪电:20 年的 CLDN 数据

摘要 本研究展示了加拿大闪电探测网络在 1999-2018 年间记录的超过 4500 万次云对地 (CG) 闪电的空间和时间特征。尽管传感器升级提高了 CG 闪电的检测效率和定位精度,但大尺度空间模式与之前涵盖 1999-2008 年的研究中发现的大致相同。分析采用边长为10km的等面积正方形,描述了正负闪的区域和季节特征,正雷的百分比和闪密度,以及两极的首冲峰值电流。夏季各省和地区的闪电活动最大,分别占西北地区和安大略省年度活动的 95.9% 至 76.8%。冬季闪电很少见,通常发生在安大略省南部和大西洋省份,以及温哥华岛以西的近海地区和新斯科舍省的沿海水域。初步分析表明,与 1999-2008 年期间相比,加拿大西部和北部大部分地区在 2009-2018 年期间经历了更多的闪电日数,而加拿大东部大部分地区经历了更少的闪电日数。对加拿大 154 个站点进行的统计分析发现,5 (31) 个站点的年代际增加(减少)在 90% 或更高的置信水平下显着,其中 4 (16) 个在 95% 置信水平下显着。以及温哥华岛以西的近海地区和新斯科舍省的沿海水域。初步分析表明,与 1999-2008 年期间相比,加拿大西部和北部大部分地区在 2009-2018 年期间经历了更多的闪电日数,而加拿大东部大部分地区经历了更少的闪电日数。对加拿大 154 个站点进行的统计分析发现,5 (31) 个站点的年代际增加(减少)在 90% 或更高的置信水平下显着,其中 4 (16) 个在 95% 置信水平下显着。以及温哥华岛以西的近海地区和新斯科舍省的沿海水域。初步分析表明,与 1999-2008 年期间相比,加拿大西部和北部大部分地区在 2009-2018 年期间经历了更多的闪电日数,而加拿大东部大部分地区经历了更少的闪电日数。对加拿大 154 个站点进行的统计分析发现,5 (31) 个站点的年代际增加(减少)在 90% 或更高的置信水平下显着,其中 4 (16) 个在 95% 置信水平下显着。而加拿大东部大部分地区的闪电日数较少。对加拿大 154 个站点进行的统计分析发现,5 (31) 个站点的年代际增加(减少)在 90% 或更高的置信水平下显着,其中 4 (16) 个在 95% 置信水平下显着。而加拿大东部大部分地区的闪电日数较少。对加拿大 154 个站点进行的统计分析发现,5 (31) 个站点的年代际增加(减少)在 90% 或更高的置信水平下显着,其中 4 (16) 个在 95% 置信水平下显着。
更新日期:2020-10-19
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