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Hippotherapy in neurodevelopmental disorders: a narrative review focusing on cognitive and behavioral outcomes
Applied Neuropsychology: Child ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2020.1852084
Giuseppa Maresca 1 , Simona Portaro 1 , Antonino Naro 1 , Ramona Crisafulli 2 , Antonio Raffa 1 , Ileana Scarcella 1 , Barbara Aliberti 2 , Gaetano Gemelli 2 , Rocco Salvatore Calabrò 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Hippotherapy (HT) is a rehabilitative tool inducing psychological and motor improvements using human-horse interaction. HT provides sensory stimulation to the rider through the rhythmic and repetitive movements of the horse, facilitating communication between patients and healthcare professionals, favoring the establishment of a therapeutic alliance. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effects of HT treatment on cognitive-behavioral processes in neurodevelopmental disorders. We screened studies published between 2002 and 2020 on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences databases. The search combined the following terms: “hippotherapy”; “horseback riding”; “equine-assisted therapy”; “developmental disorder”; “autism spectrum disorder”; “dyspraxia”; “infantile cerebral palsy”; and “attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder”. This review shows that HT can be a valuable tool for the treatment of developmental disorders. The psychological, cognitive and relational areas could benefit from the animal-child interaction to promote child autonomy, self-esteem, self-efficacy and openness to others. Physical, motor and psychosocial benefits were found in adolescents with anxiety and/or depression disorders, in autism spectrum disorders, dyspraxia, as well as in infantile cerebral palsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. HT could be considered an alternative therapeutic tool thanks to the relationship between patient-horse-instructor and to the sensory-motor and cognitive stimulation that enforce learning processes.



中文翻译:

神经发育障碍的海马疗法:关注认知和行为结果的叙述性综述

摘要

Hippotherapy (HT) 是一种通过人马互动来诱导心理和运动改善的康复工具。HT通过马的有节奏和重复性的运动为骑手提供感官刺激,促进患者和医疗保健专业人员之间的沟通,有利于建立治疗联盟。本综述的目的是评估 HT 治疗对神经发育障碍认知行为过程的影响。我们筛选了 2002 年至 2020 年间在 PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane 和 Web of Sciences 数据库上发表的研究。搜索结合了以下术语:“hippotherapy”;“骑马”;“马辅助疗法”;“发育障碍”;“自闭症谱系障碍”;“运动障碍”;“小儿脑瘫”;和“注意力缺陷/多动障碍”。这篇综述表明,HT 可以成为治疗发育障碍的有价值的工具。心理、认知和关系领域可以从动物与儿童的互动中受益,以促进儿童的自主性、自尊、自我效能和对他人的开放性。在患有焦虑症和/或抑郁症、自闭症谱系障碍、运动障碍以及婴儿脑瘫和注意力缺陷多动障碍的青少年中发现了身体、运动和社会心理方面的益处。由于患者-马-教练之间的关系以及强制学习过程的感觉-运动和认知刺激,HT 可以被认为是一种替代治疗工具。认知和关系领域可以从动物与儿童的互动中受益,以促进儿童的自主性、自尊、自我效能和对他人的开放性。在患有焦虑症和/或抑郁症、自闭症谱系障碍、运动障碍以及婴儿脑瘫和注意力缺陷多动障碍的青少年中发现了身体、运动和社会心理方面的益处。由于患者-马-教练之间的关系以及强制学习过程的感觉-运动和认知刺激,HT 可以被认为是一种替代治疗工具。认知和关系领域可以从动物与儿童的互动中受益,以促进儿童的自主性、自尊、自我效能和对他人的开放性。在患有焦虑症和/或抑郁症、自闭症谱系障碍、运动障碍以及婴儿脑瘫和注意力缺陷多动障碍的青少年中发现了身体、运动和社会心理方面的益处。由于患者-马-教练之间的关系以及强制学习过程的感觉-运动和认知刺激,HT 可以被认为是一种替代治疗工具。以及婴儿脑瘫和注意力缺陷多动障碍。由于患者-马-教练之间的关系以及强制学习过程的感觉-运动和认知刺激,HT 可以被认为是一种替代治疗工具。以及婴儿脑瘫和注意力缺陷多动障碍。由于患者-马-教练之间的关系以及强制学习过程的感觉-运动和认知刺激,HT 可以被认为是一种替代治疗工具。

更新日期:2020-12-01
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