Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has been a globally important source of nutrition for human and animal diets for several thousand years. In the United States, chickpeas are integral components of dryland agriculture systems throughout the Pacific Northwest and Northern Plains, but seed rot and preemergent damping-off of chickpea caused by metalaxyl-resistant isolates of Pythium ultimum Trow have emerged as diseases of increasing importance in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The objective of this study was to identify sources of resistance to metalaxyl-resistant P. ultimum in chickpea. Resistance was evaluated based on the emergence of chickpea seedlings from soil artificially infested with the pathogen. Significant differences in emergence were consistently detected between the desi chickpea cultivar ‘Myles’ and the kabuli chickpea cultivar ‘Sierra’. These two cultivars were used as checks to screen two different chickpea mini-core collections, including a 39-accession mini-core collection from the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System and 209 accessions from a chickpea mini-core collection developed by International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). A total of 194 desi accessions and 41 kabuli accessions were significantly more resistant than Sierra, whereas 85 desi accessions identified from the ICRISAT collection were highly resistant to both P. ultimum isolates. Accessions with pigmented seed coats were significantly more resistant than accessions with beige seed coats, which is a characteristic of kabuli chickpeas. Two accessions, W6 25882 and W6 25884, may be especially promising parental materials for improving kabuli cultivars based on their consistent resistant reactions to P. ultimum isolates and higher 100-seed weight.

中文翻译：

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确定鹰嘴豆对甲霜灵抗性终极腐霉引起的种子腐烂和幼苗猝倒的抗性来源

几千年来，鹰嘴豆 ( Cicer arietinum L.) 一直是人类和动物饮食的全球重要营养来源。在美国，鹰嘴豆是整个太平洋西北部和北部平原旱地农业系统的组成部分，但由甲霜灵抗性最终腐霉分离株引起的鹰嘴豆种子腐烂和芽前猝倒已成为越来越重要的疾病。美国太平洋西北部。本研究的目的是确定对甲霜灵抗性P. ultimum的抗性来源在鹰嘴豆。抗性是根据鹰嘴豆幼苗从人工感染病原体的土壤中的出现来评估的。在 desi 鹰嘴豆品种 'Myles' 和 kabuli 鹰嘴豆品种 'Sierra' 之间始终检测到显着差异。这两个品种被用作筛选两个不同的鹰嘴豆迷你核心集合的检查，包括来自美国国家植物种质系统的 39 个种质迷你核心收集和来自国际作物研究所开发的鹰嘴豆迷你收集的 209 个收集。半干旱热带地区（ICRISAT）。共有 194 份 desi 种质和 41 份 kabuli 种质的抗性明显高于 Sierra，而从 ICRISAT 收集中鉴定的 85 份 desi 种质对两种P. ultimum均具有高度抗性隔离。带有色素种皮的种质比带有米色种皮的种质具有更高的抗性，这是 kabuli 鹰嘴豆的一个特征。W6 25882 和 W6 25884 两个种质可能是特别有前途的亲本材料，用于改良 kabuli 栽培品种，因为它们对P. ultimum分离株的持续抗性反应和更高的 100 粒重。