Hippocampal theta oscillations have been implicated in spatial memory function in both rodents and humans. What is less clear is how hippocampal theta interacts with higher frequency oscillations to support long‐term memory. Here we asked 10 presurgical epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial EEG recording to perform a long‐term spatial memory task in desktop virtual reality and found that increased theta power in two discrete bands (“low” 2‐5 Hz and “high” 6‐11 Hz) during cued retrieval was associated with improved task performance. Similarly, increased coupling between “low” theta phase and gamma amplitude during the same period was associated with improved task performance. Finally, low and high gamma amplitude appeared to peak at different phases of the theta cycle; providing a novel connection between human hippocampal function and rodent data. These results help to elucidate the role of theta oscillations and theta‐gamma phase‐amplitude coupling in human long‐term memory.

中文翻译：

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Theta power 和 theta-gamma 耦合支持长期空间记忆检索

海马θ振荡与啮齿动物和人类的空间记忆功能有关。不太清楚的是海马θ如何与更高频率的振荡相互作用以支持长期记忆。在这里，我们要求 10 名接受颅内脑电图记录的术前癫痫患者在桌面虚拟现实中执行长期空间记忆任务，发现在两个离散频带（“低”2-5 Hz 和“高”6-11 Hz ) 在线索检索期间与改进的任务绩效相关。同样，在同一时期，“低”θ相位和伽马振幅之间的耦合增加与任务绩效的提高有关。最后，低和高伽马振幅似乎在θ周期的不同阶段达到峰值；在人类海马功能和啮齿动物数据之间提供了一种新的联系。这些结果有助于阐明θ振荡和θ-伽马相位-幅度耦合在人类长期记忆中的作用。