In recent years, electrospun nanofiber mats based on biopolymers have been extensively investigated for tissue and biomedical engineering, mainly because of remarkable morphological similarity with the natural extracellular matrix. The current study focuses on the preparation of novel natural spider silk (SS) embedded Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/Sodium alginate (NaAlg) wound dressings with desirable properties for a wound dressing application. The nanofibers' surface morphology and structure were observed by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). In-vivo evaluation of PVA/NaAlg based electrospun nanofiber mats as a wound dressing material and their comparison to commercially available wound dressings was carried out by in-vivo tests on rabbit models. Some morphometric parameters such as counting cells, blood vessels, endothelial cells, determination of the area of the wound closure, wound healing performance, speed of wound healing and collagen thickness were investigated using OM and FE-SEM post-processing. Furthermore, in-vitro biocompatibility and cellular behavior such as adhesion and proliferation of mouse fibroblast cells (L929) were studied by XTT assay on developed nanofiber mats. The results of this experimental study indicated that the natural spider silk embedded electrospun nanofiber mat (PVA/NaAlg/SS) accelerated the rate of wound healing compared to other groups by improving the collagen formation rate, proliferative cell activity as well as decreasing the inflammatory cell amount. Furthermore, the results of the in-vivo and in-vitro experiments suggest that novel PVA/NaAlg/SS nanofiber mats might be a fascinating bioactive wound dressing for clinical applications.

近年来，基于生物聚合物的静电纺丝纳米纤维垫已广泛用于组织和生物医学工程，这主要是由于其与天然细胞外基质的形态相似性极高。目前的研究集中在制备新型天然蜘蛛丝（SS）包埋的聚乙烯醇（PVA）/海藻酸钠（NaAlg）伤口敷料，其具有伤口敷料应用所需的特性。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）观察纳米纤维的表面形态和结构。被检体内的PVA /海藻酸钠电纺纳米纤维毡作为创伤敷料材料和它们的可商购的伤口敷料比较的评价通过进行被检体内在兔子模型上进行测试。使用OM和FE-SEM后处理研究了一些形态学参数，例如计数细胞，血管，内皮细胞，伤口闭合面积的确定，伤口愈合性能，伤口愈合速度和胶原蛋白厚度。此外，在开发的纳米纤维垫上通过XTT分析研究了体外生物相容性和细胞行为，例如小鼠成纤维细胞（L929）的粘附和增殖。该实验研究的结果表明，与其他组相比，天然蜘蛛丝嵌入的电纺纳米纤维垫（PVA / NaAlg / SS）通过提高胶原蛋白形成速率，增殖细胞活性以及减少炎症细胞来加快伤口愈合速度。量。此外，结果体内和体外实验表明，新颖的PVA / NaAlg / SS纳米纤维垫可能是临床应用中令人着迷的生物活性伤口敷料。