A series of hybrid adsorbents were produced by surface modification with amino polycarboxylate ligands of industrially available microparticles (MP) of Kromasil® mesoporous nanostructured silica beads, bearing grafted amino propyl ligands. Produced materials, bearing covalently bonded functions as EDTA and TTHA, original Kromasil®, bearing amino propyl ligands, and bare particles, obtained by thermal treatment of Kromasil® in air, were characterized by SEM-EDS, AFM, FTIR, TGA and gas sorption techniques. Adsorption kinetics and capacity of surface-modified particles to adsorb Rare Earth Elements (REE), crucial for extraction in recycling processes, were evaluated under dynamic conditions, revealing specificity matching the ligand nature and the size of REE cations. A detailed comparison with earlier reported adsorbents for REE extraction was presented. The cytotoxicity was assessed using four different types of healthy cells, human skeletal muscles derived cells (SKMDC), fibroblast cells, macrophage cells (RAW264.7), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), indicating lower toxicity of ligand-free MP than MP bearing amino poly-carboxylate functions. Internalization of the MP inside the cells and release of nitric oxide were observed. In addition, zebrafish embryos were exposed to high concentrations of MP and did not show any pronounced toxicity.

通过用工业上可购得的带有接枝的氨基丙基配体的中孔纳米结构二氧化硅珠的微粒（MP）的氨基多羧酸酯配体进行表面改性，制备了一系列杂化吸附剂。通过SEM-EDS，AFM，FTIR，TGA和气体吸附对经过生产的材料进行共价键键合，其具有EDTA和TTHA的共价键功能，原始的Kromasil®，具有氨基丙基配体和裸露的颗粒（通过在空气中进行热处理）获得技术。在动态条件下评估了对于循环过程中的萃取至关重要的表面改性颗粒的吸附动力学和吸附稀土元素（REE）的能力，揭示了与配体性质和REE阳离子大小匹配的特异性。提出了与先前报道的用于REE萃取的吸附剂的详细比较。使用四种不同类型的健康细胞（人骨骼肌衍生细胞（SKMDC），成纤维细胞，巨噬细胞（RAW264.7）和人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC））评估了细胞毒性，表明无配体MP的毒性较低比MP具有氨基聚羧酸盐的功能。观察到MP在细胞内的内在化和一氧化氮的释放。此外，斑马鱼的胚胎暴露于高浓度的MP，并没有表现出任何明显的毒性。这表明无配体MP的毒性要比具有氨基聚羧酸盐功能的MP低。观察到MP在细胞内的内在化和一氧化氮的释放。此外，斑马鱼的胚胎暴露于高浓度的MP，并没有表现出任何明显的毒性。这表明无配体MP的毒性要比具有氨基聚羧酸盐功能的MP低。观察到MP在细胞内的内在化和一氧化氮的释放。此外，斑马鱼的胚胎暴露于高浓度的MP，并没有表现出任何明显的毒性。