Abstract Wave-ice interactions involve complex physical processes. Well-designed laboratory investigations are indispensable for studying these processes. In the present study, laboratory experimental data on saline ice obtained during the HYDRALAB+ project: Loads on Structure and Waves in Ice (LS-WICE) are analyzed. Here, we devise a cross-validation method that reduces the uncertainty in estimating the wavelength of surface gravity waves from wave elevation measurements made by closely located and equidistant sensors. Both experimental and numerical case studies show that the new method produces accurate results (normalized error smaller than 5%). Furthermore, experimental case studies show that the elasticity of ice lengthens the waves within the ice cover compared with the open-water wavelength, and predictions of the wavelength from the elastic-plate model are concordant with the experimental values for waves beneath intact ice sheets. In addition, we apply multivariate analysis methods to identify flexural modes of ice floes under wave actions. The analysis results suggest that multiple flexural modes exist in the motion. The results produced by using the Morlet wavelet and Prony's method confirm the presence of second-order harmonics in the motion. Part of the nonlinearity likely originates from ice-ice interactions in addition to some contributions from nonlinearity in the waves.

中文翻译：

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波浪致浮冰弯曲运动的实验室研究

摘要 波冰相互作用涉及复杂的物理过程。精心设计的实验室调查对于研究这些过程是必不可少的。在本研究中，分析了在 HYDRALAB+ 项目中获得的盐冰实验室实验数据：冰中结构载荷和波浪 (LS-WICE)。在这里，我们设计了一种交叉验证方法，该方法减少了根据由紧密定位和等距传感器进行的波浪高程测量来估计表面重力波波长的不确定性。实验和数值案例研究都表明，新方法产生了准确的结果（归一化误差小于 5%）。此外，实验案例研究表明，与开放水域波长相比，冰的弹性延长了冰盖内的波浪，弹性板模型对波长的预测与完整冰盖下波浪的实验值一致。此外，我们应用多元分析方法来识别波浪作用下浮冰的弯曲模式。分析结果表明运动中存在多种弯曲模态。使用 Morlet 小波和 Prony 方法产生的结果证实了运动中存在二阶谐波。除了来自波浪非线性的一些贡献外，部分非线性可能源于冰-冰相互作用。分析结果表明运动中存在多种弯曲模态。使用 Morlet 小波和 Prony 方法产生的结果证实了运动中存在二阶谐波。除了来自波浪非线性的一些贡献外，部分非线性可能源于冰-冰相互作用。分析结果表明运动中存在多种弯曲模态。使用 Morlet 小波和 Prony 方法产生的结果证实了运动中存在二阶谐波。除了来自波浪非线性的一些贡献外，部分非线性可能源于冰-冰相互作用。