A high–performance nanofiltration (NF) membrane was fabricated by blending Fe₃O₄@SiO₂–CS biocompatible and green bionanocomposite, which was synthesized by a core–shell of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles and amorphous SiO₂ extracted from wheat straw and functionalized by chitosan groups. The characteristics analyses confirmed fine structure of the synthesized bionanocomposite and the fabricated NF–membranes. Among the fabricated membranes, the unblended membrane (NFM–1) by 47.3 L m^–2 h^–1 showed the lowest pure water flux, while it was significantly increased for the blended membranes (NFM–2, NFM–3 and NFM–4) and in the best case reached 70.6 L m^–2 h^–1 for NFM–3 membrane. All the membranes showed the highest salt rejection for Na₂SO₄ with ∼90% and the lowest salt rejection for MgCl₂ with ∼10%, confirming the nanofiltration behavior of the fabricated membranes. The removal of heavy metals ions by NF–membranes increased from NFM–1 membrane by 14.95, 15.45 and 16.11% to NFM–3 membrane by 98.11, 98.61 and 98.86% for Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺, respectively. All the NF–membranes indicated more than 98.2% dyes retention for both cationic and anionic dyes such as MB, CR and RB5. Also, the efficiency of NFM–3 membrane was very high for the filtration of multicomponent solutions and increasing the concentration of Na₂SO₄ had a limited effect on the removal of Pb²⁺ and MB. Regarding the 120 h continuous filtration test, NFM–3 membrane depicted a slight reduction in water flux and rejection of Na₂SO₄, Pb²⁺ and MB.

通过将Fe ₃ O ₄磁性纳米颗粒和无定形SiO _2的麦壳提取物合成，将Fe ₃ O ₄ @SiO ₂ –CS生物相容性与绿色仿生复合材料混合，制得高性能纳滤膜（NF）。并由壳聚糖基团官能化。特性分析证实了合成的仿生纳米复合材料和制造的NF-膜的精细结构。在人造膜中，未混合的膜（NFM–1）达到47.3 L m ^–2 h ^–1膜的纯净水通量最低，而混合膜（NFM-2，NFM-3和NFM-4）则明显增加，在最佳情况下，NFM-3膜达到70.6 L m ^–2 h ^–1。所有膜对Na ₂ SO ₄的最高盐截留率约为90％，而对MgCl ₂最低的盐截留率约为10％，证实了所制备膜的纳滤性能。对于Pb 2 ⁺，Cu ²⁺和Cd 2 ⁺，NF-膜对重金属离子的去除率从NFM-1膜提高了14.95％，15.45％和16.11％，到NFM-3膜提高了98.11、98.61和98.86％。， 分别。所有的NF-膜都表明阳离子和阴离子染料（如MB，CR和RB5）的染料保留率超过98.2％。同样，NFM-3膜对多组分溶液的过滤效率很高，增加Na ₂ SO ₄的浓度对去除Pb ²⁺和MB的作用有限。关于120 h连续过滤测试，NFM-3膜的通量略有减少，Na ₂ SO ₄，Pb ²⁺和MB的截留率有所降低。