Our aim was to investigate the dormancy type of water dropwort seeds for developing seed germination methods in the future. The mature fruit is a schizocarp with sponge-like and thickened ribs. However, the seeds were able to absorb moisture normally. In this study, less than 14% of seeds germinated without any pretreatment after 4 weeks at 20, 25, or 25/15 °C (12/12 h). However, there was a further increase in germination percentage after 10 weeks of incubation at 5/5, 15/6, 20/10, and 25/15 °C. The seeds germinated at higher ratios under relatively colder temperature regimes. Embryo growth in the seeds occurred at both warm and cold temperatures. However, water dropwort seeds require a period of cold temperatures for embryo growth to be completed. The germination percentage was significantly higher in GA 3 -treated seeds, even though the absolute difference was relatively low. In water dropwort, GA can overcome seed dormancy but cold temperature alone for 8–10 weeks may effectively break seed dormancy and increase germination percentage. Based on these results, we propose that most water dropwort seeds showed intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy and some seeds had morphological dormancy at the time of dispersal. These results provide useful information for seed propagation and a practical production plan for cultivation of water dropwort.

中文翻译：

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温度和赤霉酸对匍匐茎月桂种子休眠和萌发的影响

我们的目的是研究水芹种子的休眠类型，以在未来开发种子发芽方法。成熟的果实是具有海绵状和加厚肋骨的裂果。然而，种子能够正常吸收水分。在这项研究中，在 20、25 或 25/15 °C（12/12 小时）下 4 周后，不到 14% 的种子在未经任何预处理的情况下发芽。然而，在 5/5、15/6、20/10 和 25/15 °C 下孵育 10 周后，发芽率进一步增加。种子在相对较冷的温度条件下以较高的比率发芽。种子中的胚胎生长发生在温暖和寒冷的温度下。然而，水芹种子需要一段时间的低温才能完成胚胎生长。GA 3 处理的种子的发芽率显着更高，尽管绝对差异相对较低。在水芹中，GA 可以克服种子休眠，但单独低温 8-10 周可以有效地打破种子休眠并提高发芽率。基于这些结果，我们认为大多数水芹种子表现出中等复杂的形态生理休眠，一些种子在传播时具有形态休眠。这些结果为种子繁殖提供了有用的信息，并为水芹的栽培提供了实用的生产计划。我们认为大多数水芹种子表现出中等复杂的形态生理休眠，一些种子在传播时具有形态休眠。这些结果为种子繁殖提供了有用的信息，并为水芹的栽培提供了实用的生产计划。我们认为大多数水芹种子表现出中等复杂的形态生理休眠，一些种子在传播时具有形态休眠。这些结果为种子繁殖提供了有用的信息，并为水芹的栽培提供了实用的生产计划。