The data obtained by transcriptome analysis of lumbar spinal cord segments, sciatic nerve, and the respiratory diaphragm of the mice performed after a space flight on board Bion-M1 biosatellite were processed by bioinformatic methods aimed at elucidation of the regularities in hypogravity-induced transcriptome changes in various compartments of motor neurons. The study revealed abnormalities of axonal transport in spinal motor neurons provoked by weightlessness. These data agree with the results of electron microscopy examination of the spinal cord in experimental animals. In space group mice sacrificed on the landing day, the content of perinuclear ribosomes in lumbar motoneurons surpassed that in control mice or in the recovery group examined 1 week after the flight. The data corroborate our hypothesis on contribution of axonal transport disturbances into pathogenesis of hypogravity motor syndrome. They can be employed as a launching pad for further study of hypogravity-triggered motor disorder mechanisms in order to elaborate the preventive therapy against the development of hypogravity motor syndrome in space flights.

中文翻译：

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低重力诱导小鼠脊髓运动神经元轴突运输紊乱的可能机制

在 Bion-M1 生物卫星上进行太空飞行后，通过对小鼠腰脊髓节段、坐骨神经和呼吸隔膜的转录组分析获得的数据，通过生物信息学方法进行处理，旨在阐明低重力引起的转录组变化的规律在运动神经元的各个隔室中。该研究揭示了由失重引起的脊髓运动神经元轴突运输的异常。这些数据与实验动物脊髓的电子显微镜检查结果一致。在着陆当天处死的太空组小鼠中，腰部运动神经元核周核糖体的含量超过了对照组或飞行后1周检查的恢复组。数据证实了我们关于轴突运输障碍对低重力运动综合征发病机制的贡献的假设。它们可以用作进一步研究低重力触发运动障碍机制的发射台，以制定预防太空飞行中低重力运动综合征发展的治疗方法。