The present study was conducted to investigate effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets. A total of 72 piglets were weighed and randomly allotted into three treatments (four replication pens per treatment with six piglets/pen) for a 28-day experiment. The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control group, CTR), basal diet supplementation with antibiotic (antibiotic group, ABT), and basal diet supplementation with 0.1% Bacillus subtilis (probiotic group, PBT). The average daily gain of body weight increased in both the ABT and PBT groups, and dietary antibiotics decreased the feed:gain ratio (F:G), as compared to the CTR group (P < 0.05). Both ABT and PBT piglets had increased serum triglycerides and lipase, amylase, maltase activities and villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) in ileum (P < 0.05). The PBT group also showed an increase in serum glucose and villus height in the ileum (P < 0.05). Dietary antibiotics increased Lactobacillus johnsonii, as compared to the CTR group, but decreased bacterial diversity and increased Escherichia coli, as compared to the PBT group (P < 0.05). Piglets dietary with B. subtilis modulated the microbiota by increasing the abundance of Firmicutes (L. johnsonii, L. reuteri) and decreasing the abundance of E. coli, as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary of B. subtilis improves growth performance and intestinal health and can be a promising alternative to antibiotics in piglets diet.

本研究旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌对仔猪生长性能，血清参数，消化酶，肠道形态和结肠菌群的影响。称重总共72头仔猪，并随机分配到三个处理中（每个处理中有四个复制笔，每个仔猪有六个仔猪），进行28天的实验。饮食治疗方法如下：基础饮食（对照组，CTR），基础饮食补充抗生素（抗生素组，ABT），基础饮食补充0.1％枯草芽孢杆菌（益生菌组，PBT）。与CTR组相比，ABT和PBT组的平均日增重均增加，而饮食抗生素降低了饲料：增重比（F：G）（P <0.05）。ABT和PBT仔猪均具有回肠中的血清甘油三酸酯和脂肪酶，淀粉酶，麦芽糖酶活性以及绒毛高度：隐窝深度比（V / C）升高（P  <0.05）。PBT组还显示回肠的血糖和绒毛高度增加（P  <0.05）。与CTR组相比，膳食抗生素增加了约翰逊乳杆菌，但与PBT组相比，降低了细菌多样性并增加了大肠杆菌（P  <0.05）。日粮枯草芽孢杆菌的仔猪通过增加沙门氏菌（L. johnsonii，罗伊氏乳杆菌）的丰度来调节微生物群落。），与对照组相比，大肠杆菌的丰度降低了（P  <0.05）。这些结果表明，枯草芽孢杆菌的饮食可以改善生长性能和肠道健康，并且可以成为仔猪饮食中抗生素的有前途的替代品。