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Behavioural Survey of Local Inhabitants’ Views and Attitudes about Slovak Karst National Park in Slovakia
Sustainability ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.3390/su122310029
Janetta Nestorová Dická , Alena Gessert , Lenka Bryndzová , Tamás Telbisz

Park-people relationships are crucial for the effective operation of national parks (NPs). According to this new paradigm, protected areas are increasingly considered as instruments for regional development, particularly in marginal regions. However, park-people relationships often comprise conflicts. We tried to understand park-people relationships through the views and attitudes of local people living in or around the area of the Slovak Karst NP, which is found in a marginal, less developed region within Slovakia. We carried out a questionnaire survey and applied multidimensional statistical methods for the results. We identified four attitude dimensions and six local people clusters. Clusters were compared in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, views on NP tasks, attitudes towards the NP, tourism and nature, as well as migration intentions. We found that 45% of the sampled population had positive attitudes towards the NP and nature, 29.5% were neutral and 25.5% had somewhat negative feelings. Results showed that the personal economic situation, the relationship with tourism, age, education level and profession all influence the attitude of local people towards the NP. As for the socio-economic development of the region, we found that till now, the Slovak Karst NP had only a limited role. Nonetheless, understanding the views and attitudes of local people may help to refine the NP strategy. Results suggest that NP management should strengthen the interaction with local communities and improve resource efficiency through a participatory approach to preserve natural values, improve the quality of life and stop outward migration from the region.

中文翻译:

当地居民对斯洛伐克斯洛伐克喀斯特国家公园的看法和态度的行为调查

公园与人的关系对于国家公园 (NP) 的有效运营至关重要。根据这一新范式,保护区越来越被视为区域发展的工具,特别是在边缘地区。然而,公园与人的关系往往包含冲突。我们试图通过居住在斯洛伐克喀斯特 NP 地区或周边地区的当地人的观点和态度来了解公园与人的关系,该地区位于斯洛伐克的一个边缘、欠发达地区。我们进行了问卷调查,并对结果应用了多维统计方法。我们确定了四个态度维度和六个当地人群。集群在社会人口特征、对 NP 任务的看法、对 NP 的态度、旅游和自然方面进行了比较,以及移民意向。我们发现 45% 的抽样人群对 NP 和自然持积极态度,29.5% 持中立态度,25.5% 有一些负面情绪。结果表明,个人经济状况、与旅游的关系、年龄、教育程度和职业都会影响当地人对NP的态度。对于该地区的社会经济发展,我们发现,到目前为止,斯洛伐克喀斯特NP的作用有限。尽管如此,了解当地人的观点和态度可能有助于完善 NP 战略。结果表明,NP 管理应加强与当地社区的互动,并通过参与式方法提高资源效率,以保护自然价值、提高生活质量并阻止从该地区向外迁移。我们发现 45% 的抽样人群对 NP 和自然持积极态度,29.5% 持中立态度,25.5% 有一些负面情绪。结果表明,个人经济状况、与旅游的关系、年龄、教育程度和职业都会影响当地人对NP的态度。对于该地区的社会经济发展,我们发现,到目前为止,斯洛伐克喀斯特NP的作用有限。尽管如此,了解当地人的观点和态度可能有助于完善 NP 战略。结果表明,NP 管理应加强与当地社区的互动,并通过参与式方法提高资源效率,以保护自然价值、提高生活质量并阻止从该地区向外迁移。我们发现 45% 的抽样人群对 NP 和自然持积极态度,29.5% 持中立态度,25.5% 有一些负面情绪。结果表明,个人经济状况、与旅游的关系、年龄、教育程度和职业都会影响当地人对NP的态度。对于该地区的社会经济发展,我们发现,到目前为止,斯洛伐克喀斯特NP的作用有限。尽管如此,了解当地人的观点和态度可能有助于完善 NP 战略。结果表明,NP 管理应加强与当地社区的互动,并通过参与式方法提高资源效率,以保护自然价值、提高生活质量并阻止从该地区向外迁移。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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