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G proteins: binary switches in health and disease
Central European Journal of Immunology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2020.101271
Muhammad Sohail Afzal

Cell signaling plays critical role in health and disease. The normal functioning of body depends on the homeostasis of immunity players. One of the very important cell signaling participants is G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). GPCRs transduce extracellular signals into target cell by binding to and activating different G proteins (G, families Gi, Gs, Gq/11, G12/13) leading to range of different functions. Abnormal GPCRs signaling leads to various abnormalities, including but not limited to, cancer, pain, cardiac problems, and asthma. Mutations, which lead to activation or inactivation of GPCR pathways, permanently alter the pathways controlled by these receptors. A large number of human cancer incidence is a consequence of genetic abnormalities in signaling pathways, which influence cell division. Some bacteria and pathogens may interfere with the GPCR signaling pathways for their survival and immune evasion. Inhibition of GPCR signaling by small inhibitors is a novel way to treat various pathological conditions. There are several types of GPCRs in human genome, which due to their central role in health and disease, are the target of many commercially available drugs. Importantly, GPCRs have huge impact on drug discovery and approximately 30% of current drug targets are GPCRs. There is a need of further studies to explore more the role of G protein and the GPCRs in human health and how certain mutations can lead to disease state. Such studies may be important to adjust the signaling pathways for health improvement.

中文翻译:

G蛋白:健康与疾病中的二元转换

细胞信号传导在健康和疾病中起关键作用。身体的正常功能取决于免疫参与者的体内平衡。G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)是非常重要的细胞信号转导参与者之一。GPCR通过结合并激活不同的G蛋白(G 1,Gi,Gs,Gq / 11,G12 / 13)而将细胞外信号转导至靶细胞,从而导致一系列不同功能。GPCRs信号异常导致各种异常,包括但不限于癌症,疼痛,心脏问题和哮喘。导致GPCR通路激活或失活的突变会永久性地改变这些受体控制的通路。人类癌症的大量发生是信号通路中遗传异常的结果,这种异常影响细胞分裂。一些细菌和病原体可能会干扰GPCR信号通路的生存和免疫逃逸。小抑制剂抑制GPCR信号传导是治疗各种病理状况的新方法。人类基因组中的GPCR有几种类型,由于它们在健康和疾病中的重要作用,它们是许多市售药物的目标。重要的是,GPCR对药物发现有巨大影响,目前约30%的药物靶标是GPCR。有必要进行进一步的研究以探索G蛋白和GPCR在人类健康中的作用以及某些突变如何导致疾病状态。这些研究对于调节改善健康的信号通路可能很重要。小抑制剂抑制GPCR信号传导是治疗各种病理状况的新方法。人类基因组中的GPCR有几种类型,由于它们在健康和疾病中的重要作用,它们是许多市售药物的目标。重要的是,GPCR对药物发现有巨大影响,目前约30%的药物靶标是GPCR。有必要进行进一步的研究以探索G蛋白和GPCR在人类健康中的作用以及某些突变如何导致疾病状态。这些研究对于调节改善健康的信号通路可能很重要。小抑制剂抑制GPCR信号传导是治疗各种病理状况的新方法。人类基因组中的GPCR有几种类型,由于它们在健康和疾病中的重要作用,它们是许多市售药物的目标。重要的是,GPCR对药物发现有巨大影响,目前约30%的药物靶标是GPCR。有必要进行进一步的研究以探索G蛋白和GPCR在人类健康中的作用以及某些突变如何导致疾病状态。这些研究对于调节改善健康的信号通路可能很重要。GPCR对药物发现有巨大影响,目前约有30%的药物靶标是GPCR。有必要进行进一步的研究以探索G蛋白和GPCR在人类健康中的作用以及某些突变如何导致疾病状态。这些研究对于调节改善健康的信号通路可能很重要。GPCR对药物发现有巨大影响,目前约有30%的药物靶标是GPCR。有必要进行进一步的研究以探索G蛋白和GPCR在人类健康中的作用以及某些突变如何导致疾病状态。这些研究对于调节改善健康的信号通路可能很重要。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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