Abstract

In Uganda, the municipal solid wastes are generally a menace to the environment, ranging from indiscriminate dumping, open burning, and landfills, which would be utilized to augment agricultural fields through organic manure. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) of Uganda, however from 2009 to 2012 initiated and implemented a Clean Development Mechanism project. This project was established and conducted in nine urban centres with the key objective of reducing methane and other environmental nuisances while generating compost manure. The in-coming fresh municipal wastes at composting facilities were sorted into six categories; i) wood and wood products, ii) food and food wastes, iii) textiles, iv) garden, yard and park wastes, v) paper and pulp, and vi) glass, plastics, and metals. These were laboratory analysed based on standard procedures, characterized and investigated for the pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) (g kg⁻¹). Statistical analyses were performed based on One-Way ANOVA, implemented in the SPSS program. The results indicate that the municipal fresh solid wastes were mainly dominated by biodegradable organic matter; garden, yard, and park wastes (49%), food and food wastes (43.2%), and the other wastes falling below 5.4%. Overall, the pH was 7.7±0.02, TOC 318.2±2.90, TN 12.1±0.10, C/N 26.7±0.20, P 4.4±0.04, K 35.0±0.49, Ca 38.9±0.51, and Mg 5.8±0.09. The concentration of the fresh wastes and macro-nutrients varied per municipality and were congruent with the economic activities and population lifestyles. We detected the effect of season/month on the concentration of wastes which corresponded with the various agronomical activities. The results from this study suggest that the notion of composting is potentially a viable organic waste management strategy in the country which can ultimately generate sufficient organic manure for agricultural input and thus enhanced carbon sequestration.

摘要

在乌干达，城市固体废物通常会对环境造成威胁，包括乱抛垃圾，露天焚烧和垃圾填埋场，这些垃圾将被用来通过有机肥料来增加农田。然而，乌干达国家环境管理局（NEMA）从2009年至2012年发起并实施了清洁发展机制项目。该项目是在9个城市中心建立并实施的，其主要目标是减少甲烷和其他环境的干扰，同时产生堆肥。堆肥设施传入的新鲜城市垃圾分为六类：i）木材和木制品； ii）食物和食物垃圾； iii）纺织品； iv）花园，院子和公园的垃圾； v）纸和纸浆； vi）玻璃，塑料和金属。^-1）。基于SPSS程序中实施的单向方差分析进行统计分析。结果表明，城市新鲜固体废物主要是可生物降解的有机物。花园，院子和公园废物（49％），食品和食品废物（43.2％），以及其他废物降至5.4％以下。总体而言，pH为7.7±0.02，TOC 318.2±2.90，TN 12.1±0.10，C / N 26.7±0.20，P 4.4±0.04，K 35.0±0.49，Ca 38.9±0.51和Mg 5.8±0.09。新鲜废物和大量营养素的浓度因城市而异，并与经济活动和人口生活方式保持一致。我们检测到季节/月份对废物浓度的影响，这与各种农艺活动相对应。