Sea cucumbers possess the remarkable capacity to regenerate their body parts or organs. Regeneration of host organs and/or body parts involves reconstruction of the host associated microbiota, however, the dynamics and contribution of microbiota to the regeneration process are largely unknown due to a lack of experimental models. To track the dynamics of individual gut microbiomes during gut regeneration, both caged mariculture and laboratory isolator systems of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) were developed and longitudinal meta16S analyses were performed. Under natural environmental conditions in the caged mariculture system, both bacterial and eukaryotic communities in sea cucumbers’ guts appeared to be reconstructed within 4 months after evisceration. Using the laboratory isolator, which can trace daily dynamics, we found that fecal microbiota collected before evisceration were clearly different from those collected after evisceration. We also identified eight key bacteria, belonging to Alteromonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Oceanospirillaceae and family-unassigned Gammaproteobacteria, suggesting that these bacteria might interact with the host during the gut regeneration process. Six of the eight key bacteria were isolated for further bioassay using the isolator developed in this study to test whether these isolates affect gut regeneration.

中文翻译：

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追踪海参在肠道再生过程中个体肠道微生物组的动态

海参具有非凡的再生身体部位或器官的能力。宿主器官和/或身体部位的再生涉及宿主相关微生物群的重建，然而，由于缺乏实验模型，微生物群对再生过程的动态和贡献在很大程度上是未知的。为了跟踪肠道再生过程中个体肠道微生物组的动态，开发了海参（Apostichopus japonicus）的笼养海水养殖和实验室隔离系统，并进行了纵向 meta16S 分析。在笼养海水养殖系统的自然环境条件下，海参内脏中的细菌和真核生物群落似乎在去内脏后 4 个月内重建。使用可以追踪日常动态的实验室隔离器，我们发现内脏前收集的粪便微生物群与内脏后收集的粪便微生物群明显不同。我们还鉴定了八种关键细菌，属于交替单胞菌科、红杆菌科、海洋螺旋菌科和未指定家族的γ-变形菌，表明这些细菌可能在肠道再生过程中与宿主相互作用。使用本研究中开发的隔离器分离了八种关键细菌中的六种以进行进一步的生物测定，以测试这些分离物是否影响肠道再生。表明这些细菌可能在肠道再生过程中与宿主相互作用。使用本研究中开发的隔离器分离了八种关键细菌中的六种以进行进一步的生物测定，以测试这些分离物是否影响肠道再生。表明这些细菌可能在肠道再生过程中与宿主相互作用。使用本研究中开发的隔离器分离了八种关键细菌中的六种，以进行进一步的生物测定，以测试这些分离物是否影响肠道再生。