Sorghum is an important food crop in many parts of Africa and Asia. Landraces of sorghum are known to exhibit variation in food quality traits including starch and protein content and composition. In this study, a panel of diverse sorghum breeding lines and 788 sorghum conversion (SC) lines representing the global germplasm diversity of the crop were evaluated for variation in starch quality based on alkali spreading value (ASV). A small number of genotypes with stable expression of the ASV+ phenotype across seasons were identified; mostly representing Nandyal types from India. Genetic studies showed the ASV+ phenotype was inherited as a recessive trait. Whole genome resequencing of ASV+ donor lines revealed SNPs in genes involved in starch biosynthesis. A genome wide association study (GWAS) identified a significant SNP associated with ASV near Sobic.010G273800, a starch branching enzyme I precursor, and Sobic.010G274800 and Sobic.010G275001, both annotated as glucosyltransferases. Physiochemical analyses of accessions with contrasting ASV phenotypes demonstrated an environment dependent lower starch gelatinization temperature (GT), amylose content of approximately 22%, and good gel consistency. The starch quality attributes of these lines could be valuable in food products that require good gel consistency and viscosity.

中文翻译：

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高粱淀粉品质和碱扩散价值的遗传多样性

高粱是非洲和亚洲许多地区的重要粮食作物。已知高粱的地方品种在食品质量特征方面表现出差异，包括淀粉，蛋白质含量和组成。在这项研究中，评估了一组代表作物全球种质多样性的高粱育种系和788个高粱转化（SC）系，以根据碱度扩散值（ASV）评估淀粉质量的变化。在整个季节中，鉴定出少数具有ASV +表型稳定表达的基因型。主要代表南迪来自印度的类型。遗传研究表明，ASV +表型是作为隐性遗传的。ASV +供体的全基因组重测序揭示了参与淀粉生物合成的基因中的SNP。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）识别与邻近ASV相关联的SNP显著Sobic.010G273800，淀粉分支酶我前体，并且Sobic.010G274800和Sobic.010G275001，都标注为葡萄糖基转移酶。对具有对比性ASV表型的部分进行的理化分析表明，环境依赖性的较低淀粉糊化温度（GT），直链淀粉含量约为22％，并且具有良好的凝胶稠度。这些产品线的淀粉品质属性在需要良好凝胶稠度和粘度的食品中可能很有价值。