In this article, castor‐oil–based emulsifier was prepared by the esterification reaction between castor oil and maleic anhydride in the solvent‐free and catalyst‐free conditions, and the emulsifier was used to fabricate the multiwalled carbon nanotubes/castor‐oil–based waterborne polyurethane (WPU) nanocomposite in the absence of solvent. The structure of castor‐oil–based emulsifier was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the thermal properties, mechanical properties, hydrophobicity and morphology of pure WPU and nanocomposite films with different content of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes were investigated. The result showed that due to interaction between polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes, the tensile strength was improved and thermal stability of polyurethane films was enhanced from 223°C to 248°C with multiwalled carbon nanotubes loading up to 0.5 wt%. In addition, because of lower surface energy and higher roughness of materials, water contact angle of polyurethane films was increased from 69.1° to 86.9°. However, when the content of multiwalled carbon nanotubes of nanocomposite was 0.5 wt%, the elongation at break decreases. The reason was attributed to the fact that the agglomeration of nanoparticles was observed in the scanning electron microscope image with multiwalled carbon nanotubes loading up to 0.5 wt%, which destroyed structure of the polymer.

中文翻译：

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使用无溶剂方法制备的多壁碳纳米管/蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯纳米复合材料

在本文中，蓖麻油基乳化剂是通过在无溶剂和无催化剂条件下蓖麻油与马来酸酐之间的酯化反应制备的，并且该乳化剂用于制备多壁碳纳米管/蓖麻油基乳化剂。不含溶剂的水性聚氨酯（WPU）纳米复合材料。用傅立叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振光谱对蓖麻油基乳化剂的结构进行了表征，并研究了不同含量的多壁碳纳米管对纯WPU和纳米复合膜的热学性质，力学性质，疏水性和形貌的影响。 。结果表明，由于聚合物基体与多壁碳纳米管之间的相互作用，在多壁碳纳米管负载量高达0.5 wt％的情况下，聚氨酯薄膜的拉伸强度得以提高，聚氨酯薄膜的热稳定性从223°C升高至248°C。另外，由于较低的表面能和较高的材料粗糙度，聚氨酯膜的水接触角从69.1°增加到86.9°。然而，当纳米复合材料的多壁碳纳米管的含量为0.5重量％时，断裂伸长率降低。原因归因于以下事实：在扫描电子显微镜图像中观察到纳米颗粒的团聚，其中多壁碳纳米管的负载量高达0.5 wt％，这破坏了聚合物的结构。聚氨酯薄膜的水接触角从69.1°增加到86.9°。然而，当纳米复合材料的多壁碳纳米管的含量为0.5重量％时，断裂伸长率降低。原因归因于以下事实：在扫描电子显微镜图像中观察到纳米粒子的团聚，其中多壁碳纳米管的负载量高达0.5 wt％，这破坏了聚合物的结构。聚氨酯薄膜的水接触角从69.1°增加到86.9°。然而，当纳米复合材料的多壁碳纳米管的含量为0.5重量％时，断裂伸长率降低。原因归因于以下事实：在扫描电子显微镜图像中观察到纳米颗粒的团聚，其中多壁碳纳米管的负载量高达0.5 wt％，这破坏了聚合物的结构。