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Nanotechnology for virus treatment
Nano Today ( IF 13.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101031
Jiarong Zhou 1 , Nishta Krishnan 1 , Yao Jiang 1 , Ronnie H Fang 1 , Liangfang Zhang 1
Affiliation  

The continued emergence of novel viruses poses a significant threat to global health. Uncontrolled outbreaks can result in pandemics that have the potential to overburden our healthcare and economic systems. While vaccination is a conventional modality that can be employed to promote herd immunity, antiviral vaccines can only be applied prophylactically and do little to help patients who have already contracted viral infections. During the early stages of a disease outbreak when vaccines are unavailable, therapeutic antiviral drugs can be used as a stopgap solution. However, these treatments do not always work against emerging viral strains and can be accompanied by adverse effects that sometimes outweigh the benefits. Nanotechnology has the potential to overcome many of the challenges facing current antiviral therapies. For example, nanodelivery vehicles can be employed to drastically improve the pharmacokinetic profile of antiviral drugs while reducing their systemic toxicity. Other unique nanomaterials can be leveraged for their virucidal or virus-neutralizing properties. In this review, we discuss recent developments in antiviral nanotherapeutics and provide a perspective on the application of nanotechnology to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and future virus pandemics.

中文翻译:


纳米技术用于病毒治疗



新型病毒的持续出现对全球健康构成重大威胁。不受控制的疫情爆发可能会导致流行病,有可能使我们的医疗保健和经济系统不堪重负。虽然疫苗接种是一种可用于促进群体免疫的传统方式,但抗病毒疫苗只能用于预防性应用,对已经感染病毒的患者几乎没有帮助。在疾病爆发的早期阶段,当疫苗无法获得时,治疗性抗病毒药物可以作为权宜之计。然而,这些治疗方法并不总是能对抗新出现的病毒株,并且可能会带来有时超过益处的副作用。纳米技术有潜力克服当前抗病毒疗法面临的许多挑战。例如,纳米递送载体可用于显着改善抗病毒药物的药代动力学特征,同时降低其全身毒性。其他独特的纳米材料也可利用其杀病毒或病毒中和特性。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了抗病毒纳米疗法的最新进展,并提供了纳米技术在 SARS-CoV-2 爆发和未来病毒大流行中的应用前景。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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