Abstract Heat transfer from inner surface of a vertical heated pipe to subcooled or saturated liquid hydrogen flowing upward was measured for quasi-steadily increasing heat input up to fully developed film boiling regime and decreasing the heat input through the film boiling regime. The experiments were carried out at the inlet pressures of 400, 700 and 1100 kPa and subcoolings from 0 K to 11 K. Three test pipe heaters made of SS310S with inner diameters of 6 and 8 mm and lengths of 100 and 200 mm were used. Experimental data from non-boiling to developed film boiling and developed film boiling down to minimum film boiling was obtained with the record of mass flow rate by continuously increasing and decreasing the heat input. It was observed that though the mass flow rate decreases with the increase of the heat generation rate, the heat transfer coefficient increases. Discussions on heat and mass transfer in inverted annular flow, dispersed droplet flow, single-phase vapor flow regimes and their changing conditions from one by one were carried out to clarify the phenomena. A calculation code of heat transfer characteristics was developed based on the discussions. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

中文翻译：

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准稳态热输入下立式加热管内液氢的传热特性

摘要 测量了从垂直加热管的内表面到向上流动的过冷或饱和液态氢的传热，以准稳定地增加热量输入到完全发展的薄膜沸腾状态，并减少通过薄膜沸腾状态的热量输入。实验在入口压力为 400、700 和 1100 kPa，过冷度为 0 K 到 11 K 的条件下进行。使用了三个由 SS310S 制成的内径为 6 和 8 mm，长度为 100 和 200 mm 的试管加热器。通过不断增加和减少热输入，记录质量流量，获得从非沸腾到发展薄膜沸腾和发展薄膜沸腾到最小薄膜沸腾的实验数据。观察到，虽然质量流量随着发热率的增加而降低，传热系数增加。对倒环形流、分散液滴流、单相蒸汽流态及其变化条件的传热传质一一进行了讨论，以阐明这些现象。在讨论的基础上开发了传热特性的计算代码。计算结果与实验结果吻合良好。