Abstract

A technique was designed to assess the human health risk associated with exposure to radioactive radon. As a focus, a dose–effect relationship model was developed on the basis of international and first-hand experience. The model suggests a multiplicative dependence on the probability of spontaneous lung cancer and takes account of the fact that radiation effects on the lungs are exerted by the radon decay daughter products entering the lungs in a nanodispersed form. The effects of radon are already present in the statistics of spontaneous lung cancer, and the risk of death from spontaneous and radiation-induced lung cancer depends strongly on the smoking status. A test calculation of the radon-associated risk was performed for a region of the Russian Federation and showed that radon may substantially contribute to mortality from lung cancer in areas with relatively high radon concentrations in the ambient air. Exposure to radon at an annual average radon concentration comparable with the standard level for new buildings under construction (200 Bq/m³) increases the risk of death from lung cancer by 20%. The method is suitable for assessing the health risk associated with exposure to radon for miners and the general population.

中文翻译：

---

纳米放射性衰变产物对放射性Rad暴露的人体健康风险评估

摘要

设计了一种技术来评估与放射性ra暴露有关的人类健康风险。作为重点，在国际和第一手经验的基础上建立了剂量-效应关系模型。该模型表明了对自发性肺癌发生概率的乘积依赖性，并考虑到这样的事实：对肺部的辐射效应是由以纳米分散形式进入肺部的ra衰变子产物产生的。don的影响已经存在于自发性肺癌的统计中，而自发性和辐射诱发性肺癌致死的风险在很大程度上取决于吸烟状况。在俄罗斯联邦的某个地区进行了与don相关的风险的测试计算，结果表明，don在环境空气中ra浓度相对较高的地区可能会大大提高肺癌的死亡率。ra的年平均ra浓度与正在建造的新建筑物的标准水平相当（200 Bq / m³）将死于肺癌的风险增加20％。该方法适用于评估与矿工和普通人群接触ra有关的健康风险。