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Morphological variability of cushion plant Lyallia kerguelensis (Caryophyllales) in relation to environmental conditions and geography in the Kerguelen Islands: implications for cushion necrosis and climate change
Polar Biology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02768-2
Lorène Julia Marchand , Michèle Tarayre , Thomas Dorey , Yann Rantier , Françoise Hennion

In recent decades, climate change has been faster in various parts of the world. Within species, to counter rapid climate changes shift of geographical area, individuals’ plastic responses or populations’ genetic adaptation might occur. The sub-Antarctic islands are subject to one of the most rapid climate changes on earth, with already visible impacts on native vegetation. Such might be the case of Lyallia kerguelensis a cushion plant strictly endemic to the Kerguelen Islands. In L. kerguelensis, necrotic parts were observed in cushions these last decades and possibly related to water stress. We analysed morphological variability of L. kerguelensis, including necrosis extent, across 19 populations spanning a wide range of environments across the Kerguelen Islands. Inter-population variations in the cushion surface area, shape and compactness were well explained by topography, degree of wind exposure, slope aspect, proportions of coarse sand and bare soil, and geographical distance between populations. All these variables are related to wind intensity and water availability. Moreover, in cushions with less than 10% necrosis in surface area, necrosis extent was positively correlated to soil sodium. Sodium availability might reduce the plant’s capacity for osmotic adjustment in face of other abiotic stresses, such as water stress. We conclude that cushion morphology may have the capacity to adjust to environmental variation, including aspects of climate change, but that cushion necrosis may be accelerated in the driest and most saline environments.

中文翻译:

与凯尔盖朗群岛环境条件和地理相关的垫层植物 Lyallia kerguelensis (Caryophyllales) 的形态变异:对垫层坏死和气候变化的影响

近几十年来,世界各地的气候变化速度更快。在物种内部,为了应对地理区域的快速气候变化,可能会发生个体的可塑性反应或种群的遗传适应。亚南极岛屿是地球上气候变化最快的岛屿之一,对原生植被的影响已经很明显。Lyallia kerguelensis 可能就是这种情况,这是一种严格为凯尔盖朗群岛特有的垫层植物。在 L. kerguelensis 中,最近几十年在垫子中观察到坏死部分,可能与水分胁迫有关。我们分析了跨越凯尔盖朗群岛各种环境的 19 个种群的 L. kerguelensis 的形态变异性,包括坏死程度。垫子表面积的种群间变化,地形、风暴露程度、坡向、粗沙和裸土的比例以及人口之间的地理距离很好地解释了形状和紧实度。所有这些变量都与风力强度和可用水量有关。此外,在表面积小于 10% 的垫层中,坏死程度与土壤钠呈正相关。钠的可用性可能会降低植物在面临其他非生物胁迫(例如水分胁迫)时进行渗透调节的能力。我们得出结论,垫层形态可能具有适应环境变化的能力,包括气候变化的各个方面,但垫层坏死在最干燥和最咸的环境中可能会加速。和人口之间的地理距离。所有这些变量都与风力强度和可用水量有关。此外,在表面积小于 10% 的垫层中,坏死程度与土壤钠呈正相关。钠的可用性可能会降低植物在面临其他非生物胁迫(例如水分胁迫)时进行渗透调节的能力。我们得出结论,垫层形态可能具有适应环境变化的能力,包括气候变化的各个方面,但垫层坏死在最干燥和最咸的环境中可能会加速。和人口之间的地理距离。所有这些变量都与风力强度和可用水量有关。此外,在表面积小于 10% 的垫层中,坏死程度与土壤钠呈正相关。钠的可用性可能会降低植物在面临其他非生物胁迫(例如水分胁迫)时进行渗透调节的能力。我们得出结论,垫层形态可能具有适应环境变化的能力,包括气候变化的各个方面,但垫层坏死在最干燥和最咸的环境中可能会加速。钠的可用性可能会降低植物在面临其他非生物胁迫(例如水分胁迫)时进行渗透调节的能力。我们得出结论,垫层形态可能具有适应环境变化的能力,包括气候变化的各个方面,但垫层坏死在最干燥和最咸的环境中可能会加速。钠的可用性可能会降低植物在面临其他非生物胁迫(例如水分胁迫)时进行渗透调节的能力。我们得出结论,垫层形态可能具有适应环境变化的能力,包括气候变化的各个方面,但垫层坏死在最干燥和最咸的环境中可能会加速。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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