Invasive plants can have significant negative effects on human and ecological communities, including reduced productivity and biodiversity and increased fire risk. Effective mitigation of invasive species likely requires action by heterogeneous actors who span jurisdictions, sectors, and levels of governance. While there has been significant research to develop targeted mitigation techniques that slow or halt the spread of specific invasive plants, there has been relatively little complementary work to develop knowledge about the implementation of these management techniques through effective governance systems. To address this gap, we interviewed and conducted archival research on land managers involved in the mitigation of buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare, syn: Cenchrus ciliarus) invasion in southern Arizona to investigate how existing and emerging governance arrangements encourage or undermine individual and collective action to manage invasive plants. Our results show that a key challenge of managing invasive species is identifying the mechanisms that will allow heterogeneous actors to overcome internal barriers to coordination with others and enable collective action. These internal barriers are multifaceted, involving laws and policies, cultural traditions and mandates, the availability of monetary and human resources, and information on causes and consequences of species invasion and effective approaches to mitigation. Approaches to solving these problems must include improved knowledge of internal institutional structures and the opportunities and barriers they present to collective action, the preferences of heterogeneous actors when presented with information about future ecosystem conditions absent coordination, the factors that prevent individuals within different organizations from following through on commitments to participate in collective action institutions, and how each of these conditions affects the availability and persistence of resources for mitigation. Together, improved knowledge of the relationships between these factors may provide new approaches to proactive management of emerging resource management challenges, from invasive species to emerging diseases.

外来入侵植物会对人类和生态社区产生重大负面影响，包括生产力和生物多样性下降以及火灾风险增加。有效缓解入侵物种可能需要跨辖区，部门和治理级别的异质行为者采取行动。尽管已经进行了大量研究来开发有针对性的缓解技术，以减缓或阻止特定入侵植物的传播，但通过有效的治理系统来开发有关这些管理技术实施知识的补充工作却相对较少。为了解决这一差距，我们采访了参与减轻水牛草（Pennisetum ciliare， syn：Cenchrus ciliarus）的土地管理者并进行了档案研究。）在亚利桑那州南部的入侵，以调查现有的和正在出现的治理安排如何鼓励或破坏管理入侵植物的个人和集体行动。我们的结果表明，管理入侵物种的关键挑战是确定机制，使异质性行为体能够克服与其他人进行协调的内部障碍并采取集体行动。这些内部障碍是多方面的，涉及法律和政策，文化传统和授权，金钱和人力资源的可获得性，以及有关物种入侵的原因和后果的信息以及有效的缓解方法。解决这些问题的方法必须包括对内部制度结构及其对集体行动提出的机遇和障碍的了解，异质参与者的偏好在缺乏有关未来生态系统状况的信息的情况下缺乏协调；阻止不同组织内的个人遵循参与集体行动机构的承诺的因素；以及这些状况如何影响用于以下方面的资源的持久性：减轻。在一起，对这些因素之间关系的更多了解可能为主动管理从入侵物种到新兴疾病的新兴资源管理挑战提供新方法。以及这些条件分别如何影响缓解资源的可用性和持久性。在一起，对这些因素之间关系的更多了解可能为主动管理从入侵物种到新兴疾病的新兴资源管理挑战提供新方法。以及每种情况如何影响缓解资源的可用性和持久性。在一起，对这些因素之间关系的更多了解可能为主动管理从入侵物种到新兴疾病的新兴资源管理挑战提供新方法。