Abstract Understanding the consequences of fuel release and fire accident is an important aspect of the design and construction of buildings and infrastructures. Particularly, an increasing number of catastrophic consequences of recent fire accidents in high-rise buildings has led to the demand for a rigorous and holistic approach for infrastructure fire safety analysis and performance evaluation. The current study proposes a framework for liquefied petroleum gas heat release simulations and modelling the visibility of evacuees on the egress path during a fire event using efficient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The framework consists of scenario modelling, optimised smoke detector layout, mechanical smoke extraction system, and visibility analysis. The CFD simulation is first validated using experimental data demonstrating a very good agreement. A case study for detector layout is then considered, showing the proposed approach increases the visibility of the egress path along the corridor of a building during fuel release and fire accident. The study will offer an effective platform for modelling fire risk and assessing the performance of fire safety mechanisms in buildings which can be also beneficial to enhance urban infrastructures safety.

中文翻译：

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使用 CFD 建模优化火灾场景中的排烟系统

摘要 了解燃料泄漏和火灾事故的后果是建筑物和基础设施设计和施工的一个重要方面。特别是，最近高层建筑火灾事故造成的灾难性后果越来越多，导致需要对基础设施消防安全分析和性能评估采取严格和全面的方法。当前的研究提出了一个用于液化石油气放热模拟的框架，并使用高效的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 模型对火灾事件期间撤离人员在疏散路径上的可见性进行建模。该框架由场景建模、优化的烟雾探测器布局、机械烟雾提取系统和可见性分析组成。CFD 模拟首先使用实验数据进行验证，显示出非常好的一致性。然后考虑探测器布局的案例研究，表明所提出的方法增加了在燃料释放和火灾事故期间沿着建筑物走廊的出口路径的可见性。该研究将为建筑火灾风险建模和评估建筑防火安全机制的性能提供一个有效平台，这也有利于加强城市基础设施的安全。