The primary aim was to test the hypothesis that deriving pre-treatment 3D magnetic resonance tumour volume (mrTV) quantification improves performance characteristics for the prediction of loco-regional failure compared with standard maximal tumour diameter (1D) assessment in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anus undergoing chemoradiotherapy. We performed an early evaluation case-control study at two UK centres (2007–2014) in 39 patients with loco-regional failure (cases), and 41 patients disease-free at 3 years (controls). mrTV was determined using the summation of areas method (Volsum). Reproducibility was assessed using intraclass concordance correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman limits of agreements. We derived receiver operating curves using logistic regression models and expressed accuracy as area under the curve (ROCAUC). The median time per patient for Volsum quantification was 7.00 (inter-quartile range, IQR: 0.57–12.48) minutes. Intra and inter-observer reproducibilities were generally good (ICCs from 0.79 to 0.89) but with wide limits of agreement (intra-observer: − 28 to 31%; inter-observer: − 28 to 46%). Median mrTVs were greater for cases (32.6 IQR: 21.5–53.1 cm3) than controls (9.9 IQR: 5.7–18.1 cm3, p < 0.0001). The ROCAUC for mrT-size predicting loco-regional failure was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63–0.85) improving to 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72–0.92) when replaced with mrTV (test for ROC differences, p = 0.024). Preliminary results suggest that the replacement of mrTV for mrT-size improves prediction of loco-regional failure after chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. However, mrTV calculation is time consuming and variation in its reproducibility are drawbacks with the current technology.

中文翻译：

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三维（3D）磁共振波量评估和肛门癌局部区域衰竭：早期评估病例对照研究

主要目的是检验以下假设：与标准最大肿瘤直径（1D）评估相比，治疗前3D磁共振肿瘤体积（mrTV）量化可改善预测局部区域衰竭的性能特征。肛门接受放化疗。我们在39个局部区域衰竭患者（病例）和41个3年无病患者（对照）的两个英国中心（2007-2014年）中进行了早期评估病例对照研究。mrTV是使用面积总和方法（Volsum）确定的。使用组内一致性相关性（ICC）和协议的Bland-Altman限制评估可重复性。我们使用逻辑回归模型得出了接收器工作曲线，并以曲线下面积（ROCAUC）表示精度。每位患者进行Volsum定量的中值时间为7.00分钟（四分位间距，IQR：0.57–12.48）分钟。观察者内部和观察者之间的可重复性通常都很好（ICC从0.79到0.89），但协议的范围很广（观察者内部：-28％到31％；观察者之间：-28％到46％）。病例（32.6 IQR：21.5–53.1 cm3）的中值mrTV大于对照组（9.9 IQR：5.7–18.1 cm3，p <0.0001）。当用mrTV替换时，预测mrT大小的局部区域衰竭的ROCAUC为0.74（95％CI：0.63-0.85），提高到0.82（95％CI：0.72-0.92）（ROC差异测试，p = 0.024）。初步结果表明，用mrT尺寸替代mrTV可以改善化学疗法治疗肛门鳞状细胞癌后局部区域衰竭的预测。然而，