Energy is the fundamental requirement of all physical, chemical, and biological processes which are utilized for better living standards. The toll that the process of development takes on the environment and economic activity is evident from the arising concerns about sustaining the industrialization that has happened in the last centuries. The increase in carbon footprint and the large-scale pollution caused by industrialization has led researchers to think of new ways to sustain the developmental activities, whilst simultaneously minimizing the harming effects on the enviroment. Therefore, decarbonization strategies have become an important factor in industrial expansion, along with the invention of new catalytic methods for carrying out non-thermal reactions, energy storage methods and environmental remediation through the removal or breakdown of harmful chemicals released during manufacturing processes. The present article discusses the structural features and photocatalytic applications of a variety of metal oxide-based materials. Moreover, the practical applicability of these materials is also discussed, as well as the transition of production to an industrial scale. Consequently, this study deals with a concise framework to link metal oxide application options within energy, environmental and economic sustainability, exploring the footprint analysis as well.

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系统评价金属氧化物在能源和环境可持续性方面的应用

能源是用于改善生活水平的所有物理，化学和生物过程的基本要求。从上个世纪以来对维持工业化的担忧日益凸显，发展进程对环境和经济活动的影响。由于工业化引起的碳足迹增加和大规模污染，导致研究人员开始思考维持发展活动的新方法，同时将对环境的危害最小化。因此，脱碳策略已成为工业扩张的重要因素，并且随着进行非热反应的新型催化方法的发明，通过去除或分解制造过程中释放的有害化学物质来实现能量存储方法和环境修复。本文讨论了各种金属氧化物基材料的结构特征和光催化应用。此外，还讨论了这些材料的实际适用性，以及从生产到工业规模的过渡。因此，本研究研究了一个简明的框架，以将金属氧化物的应用方案与能源，环​​境和经济的可持续性联系起来，同时也探索了足迹分析。还讨论了这些材料的实际适用性，以及生产向工业规模的过渡。因此，本研究研究了一个简明的框架，以将金属氧化物的应用方案与能源，环​​境和经济的可持续性联系起来，同时也探索了足迹分析。还讨论了这些材料的实际适用性，以及生产向工业规模的过渡。因此，本研究研究了一个简明的框架，以将金属氧化物的应用方案与能源，环​​境和经济的可持续性联系起来，同时也探索了足迹分析。