High-purity intermetallic β-Ti (FeTi₄) and FeTi alloys were prepared via molten salt electrolysis from a titanium-containing waste slag and Fe₂O₃ mixture using molten CaCl₂ salt as the electrolyte. The mixed slag powders were pressed into a pellet that served as a cathode, while a graphite rod served as an anode. The electrochemical process was conducted at 900 °C with a cell voltage of 3.1 V under an inert atmosphere. The formation process of the alloys and the influence of the Ti:Fe atomic ratio on the product were investigated. With an increased proportion of Ti, the phase of the product changed from FeTi/Fe₂Ti to FeTi/FeTi₄, and different structures were observed. At a Ti:Fe ratio of 1.2:1 in the raw slag, an alloy with a sponge-like morphology and a small amount of FeTi₄ were obtained. During the initial stages of electrolysis, a large amount of intermediate product (CaTiO₃) was formed, accompanied by an abrupt decrease in current and increase in particle size. The current then increased and Fe₂Ti alloy was gradually formed. Finally, as the reaction process extended inside the pellet, the current remained stable and the product mainly contained FeTi and FeTi₄ phases. The observed stages, i.e., CaTiO₃(TiO₂) → Fe₂Ti(Ti) → FeTi(FeTi₄), were consistent with the thermodynamic analysis.

中文翻译：

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在熔融氯化钙中直接电化学还原法从含钛和Fe2O3的混合渣中生产Fe-Ti合金

使用熔融的CaCl ₂盐作为电解质，从含钛废渣和Fe ₂ O ₃混合物中通过熔融盐电解制备高纯度金属间化合物β-Ti（FeTi ₄）和FeTi合金。将混合的炉渣粉压制成用作阴极的粒料，同时将石墨棒用作阳极。电化学过程在惰性气氛下于900°C且电池电压为3.1 V的条件下进行。研究了合金的形成过程以及Ti：Fe原子比对产物的影响。随着Ti比例的增加，产物的相从FeTi / Fe ₂ Ti变为FeTi / FeTi ₄，观察到不同的结构。在原始炉渣中的Ti∶Fe比为1.2∶1的情况下，获得了具有海绵状形态和少量FeTi ₄的合金。在电解的初始阶段，形成大量的中间产物（CaTiO ₃），伴随着电流的突然减小和粒度的增加。然后电流增加并且逐渐形成Fe ₂ Ti合金。最后，随着反应过程在丸粒内部扩展，电流保持稳定，产物主要包含FeTi和FeTi ₄相。观察到的阶段，即CaTiO ₃（TiO ₂）→Fe ₂ Ti（Ti）→FeTi（FeTi ₄），与热力学分析一致。