Background and Objectives: Koa (Acacia koa A. Gray) is an economically, ecologically, and culturally valuable tree species endemic to Hawaii. A vascular wilt disease caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae Gardner (FOXY) induces high rates of mortality in plantings and threatens native koa forests as well. Landowners are reluctant to consider koa for reforestation purposes in many areas due to the risk of mortality caused by FOXY. Producing seeds with genetic resistance to FOXY is vital to successful koa reforestation and restoration. The Hawaii Agriculture Research Center (HARC), with both public and private partners, operates a tree improvement program to develop wilt-resistant koa populations in Hawaii. The population genetics of koa is poorly understood and seed zones are evolving. Thus, HARC uses provisional seed zones based on genetic and biogeographic variables and has selected wilt-resistant koa populations that are locally found in Kokee, Kauai (eco-regions) of Hawaii. Materials and Methods: To make these selections, virulent FOXY isolates were used in previous seedling inoculation trials to evaluate resistance levels among koa families in greenhouse experiments, and the most resistant families were used in the field trial reported here. Results: In this trial, survival rates two years after planting varied by family, and ranged from 45% to 95%, but all resistant families had greater survival rates than the susceptible control (25%). The trial has been converted to a seed orchard. Conclusions: The higher survival rates of the families are encouraging and seeds coming from the orchard will improve the success of future restoration and reforestation efforts. Within these resistant families it was also possible to make some selections based on height, growth, diameter, and stem form. Thus, the establishment of a wilt-resistant seed orchard results in locally adapted, eco-region specific, disease-resistant koa seed that will allow for the restoration of this iconic species and provide plant material for commercial reforestation opportunities at the landscape level.

中文翻译：

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在考艾岛科基建立具有遗传多样性，抗病性的金合欢小果种子园：早期生长，形态和存活

背景和目的：夏威夷州（Koa）（Acacia koa A. Gray）是夏威夷特有的具有经济，生态和文化价值的树种。真菌病原体镰刀菌引起的一种萎病。sp。aeGardner（FOXY）在种植中引起很高的死亡率，也威胁着本地的阔叶林。由于FOXY造成死亡的风险，在许多地区，土地所有者不愿考虑将Koa用于造林。产生对FOXY具有遗传抗性的种子对于成功的造林和恢复Koa至关重要。夏威夷农业研究中心（HARC）与公共和私人合作伙伴共同实施了一项树木改良计划，以开发夏威夷抗枯萎的柯阿种群。对Koa的种群遗传学知之甚少，种子区也在不断发展。因此，HARC使用基于遗传和生物地理变量的临时种子区，并选择了在夏威夷考艾岛（生态区）的可可（Kokee）（生态区）本地发现的抗枯萎的Koa种群。材料和方法：要进行这些选择，在以前的苗种接种试验中，使用了强力的FOXY分离株，以评估温室试验中Koa家族的抗药性水平，此处报道的田间试验中使用了抗药性最高的家族。结果：在该试验中，种植后两年的成活率因家庭而异，从45％到95％不等，但所有抗性家庭的成活率均高于易感对照（25％）。该试验已转换为种子园。结论：较高的家庭成活率令人鼓舞，来自果园的种子将提高未来恢复和重新造林工作的成功率。在这些抗性科中，还可以根据高度，生长，直径和茎杆形状进行一些选择。从而，