Pathological dissociation is a severe, debilitating and transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom. This review identifies biomarkers of pathological dissociation in a transdiagnostic manner to recommend the most promising research and treatment pathways in support of the precision medicine framework. A total of 205 unique studies that met inclusion criteria were included. Studies were divided into four biomarker categories, namely neuroimaging, psychobiological, psychophysiological and genetic biomarkers. The dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, bilateral superior frontal regions, (anterior) cingulate, posterior association areas and basal ganglia are identified as neurofunctional biomarkers of pathological dissociation and decreased hippocampal, basal ganglia and thalamic volumes as neurostructural biomarkers. Increased oxytocin and prolactin and decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are identified as psychobiological markers. Psychophysiological biomarkers, including blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance, were inconclusive. For the genetic biomarker category studies related to dissociation were limited and no clear directionality of effect was found to warrant identification of a genetic biomarker. Recommendations for future research pathways and possible clinical applicability are provided.

病理学上的分离是一种严重的，令人衰弱和经诊断的精神病症状。这篇综述以经诊断的方式鉴定了病理学解离的生物标志物，以推荐最有前途的研究和治疗途径，以支持精密医学框架。纳入符合入选标准的205项独特研究。研究分为四个生物标志物类别，即神经影像学，心理生物学，心理生理学和遗传生物标志物。背侧和背外侧前额叶皮层，双侧上额叶区域，（前）扣带回，后联合区和基底神经节被确定为病理学分离的神经功能生物标志物，海马，基底神经节和丘脑体积减少为神经结构生物标志物。催产素和催乳激素的升高以及肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的降低被确定为心理生物学标记。心理生理生物标志物，包括血压，心率和皮肤电导率，尚无定论。对于遗传生物标志物类别，与解离相关的研究有限，并且未发现明确的作用方向值得鉴定遗传生物标志物。提供了有关未来研究途径和可能的临床适用性的建议。对于遗传生物标志物类别，与解离相关的研究有限，并且未发现明确的作用方向值得鉴定遗传生物标志物。提供了有关未来研究途径和可能的临床适用性的建议。对于遗传生物标志物类别，与解离相关的研究有限，并且未发现明确的作用方向值得鉴定遗传生物标志物。提供了有关未来研究途径和可能的临床适用性的建议。