Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is closely linked to the development of conduct problems during socialization in early life and to an increased risk for antisocial activities and delinquency over the lifespan. The interaction between ADHD and common comorbid disorders like substance use disorders as well as changing environmental conditions could mediate the course of antisocial and delinquent behavior with increasing age. However, this complex interaction is only partially understood so far. This review presents current knowledge about the association of ADHD with antisociality and the development of delinquent behavior. Thereby, the relationships between ADHD, conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder in offenders are discussed, as well as the impact of comorbid psychiatric disorders and psychosocial conditions on offending behavior. Also, treatment studies in offender populations with ADHD are presented.

Although our understanding of the role of ADHD in the development of criminal behavior has substantially improved during the last two decades, more research is needed to further elucidate the mechanisms generating unfavorable outcomes and to engender adequate treatment strategies for this population at risk. Moreover, more attention is needed on children with conduct problems in order to avoid antisocial or delinquent behaviors over the lifespan.

注意缺陷/多动症（ADHD）与早期社会化过程中的行为问题的发展以及一生中反社会活动和犯罪的风险增加密切相关。多动症与常见的共病（例如物质使用障碍）以及不断变化的环境条件之间的相互作用可能会随着年龄的增长而介导反社会和犯罪行为的进程。但是，到目前为止，这种复杂的交互作用仅得到部分理解。这篇综述介绍了有关多动症与反社会联系和犯罪行为发展的最新知识。因此，讨论了犯罪者的多动症，行为障碍和反社会人格障碍之间的关系，以及共病的精神疾病和社会心理状况对犯罪行为的影响。此外，介绍了对患有多动症的犯罪人群的治疗研究。

尽管在过去的二十年中，我们对注意力缺陷多动症在犯罪行为发展中的作用的了解已大大改善，但仍需要进行更多的研究，以进一步阐明产生不利结果的机制，并为处于风险中的人群制定适当的治疗策略。而且，需要更多地注意有行为问题的儿童，以避免在整个生命周期中出现反社会或犯罪行为。